Statistical Methodology 6 (2009) 189–201
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Statistical Methodology
journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/stamet
Bayesian unit-root tests for Stochastic Volatility models
Zeynep I. Kalaylıoğlu
a
, Sujit K. Ghosh
b,*
a
Department of Statistics, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
b
Department of Statistics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8203, USA
article info
Article history:
Received 23 April 2007
Received in revised form
10 May 2008
Accepted 25 July 2008
Keywords:
BUGS software
Gibbs sampling
Markov Chain Monte Carlo
Stochastic Volatility models
Unit-root test
abstract
In this article, we consider Bayesian inference procedures to test
for a unit root in Stochastic Volatility (SV) models. Unit-root tests
for the persistence parameter of the SV models, based on the
Bayes Factor (BF), have been recently introduced in the literature.
In contrast, we propose a flexible class of priors that is non-
informative over the entire support of the persistence parameter
(including the non-stationarity region). In addition, we show that
our model fitting procedure is computationally efficient (using
the software WinBUGS). Finally, we show that our proposed test
procedures have good frequentist properties in terms of achieving
high statistical power, while maintaining low total error rates. We
illustrate the above features of our method by extensive simulation
studies, followed by an application to a real data set on exchange
rates.
© 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
1. Introduction
In finance, it is very common to see that the mean corrected return on holding an asset has time
dependent variation (i.e. volatility). Researchers have been interested in modeling the time dependent
feature of unobserved volatility. A model that is commonly used to model such features, is known as
the Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedastic (ARCH) model (see [4]). An extension is to consider
Generalized ARCH (GARCH) models, which have been found very popular to model the volatility
over time. There is an extensive literature on estimation and testing procedures for GARCH models
(e.g., see [2]). However, in ARCH and GARCH models, given the past observations (returns), volatility
is a deterministic function of the past observations. This feature may not be appropriate for some real
*
Corresponding author. Tel.: +1 9195151950; fax: +1 9195157591.
E-mail addresses: kzeynep@metu.edu.tr (Z.I. Kalaylıoğlu), ghosh@stat.ncsu.edu (S.K. Ghosh).
1572-3127/$ – see front matter © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
doi:10.1016/j.stamet.2008.07.002