Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 16, No. 1, pp. 55-60, 1991.
Printed in Great Britain.
0360-3199/91 $3.00+ 0.00
Pergamon Press plc.
© 1990InternationalAssociation for Hydrogen Energy.
DEHYDROGENATION OF METHYLCYCLOHEXANE IN A
REACTOR COUPLED TO A HYDROGEN ENGINE
D. KLVANA,* A. TOUZANI,* J. CHAOUKI* and G. Bf~LANGER~
*Department of Chemical Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique, P.O. Box 6079, Station A, QC, Canada, H3C 3A7,
tRecherche et Essais-Mat6riaux, IREQ, 1800 Mont6e Ste-Julie, QC, Canada J0L 2PO
(Received for publication 8 August 1990)
Abstract--The simulation study of the dehydrogenation of methylcyclohexane (MCH) in an on-board reactor has
shown that an amount of hydrogen sufficient for a propulsion of a six-cylinder vehicle may be liberated from
methylcyclohexane when a Pt-Sn/A1203 industrial catalyst is used. This results has been supported experimentally
by using a pilot unit which simulates the coupling of the hydrogen engine to the dehydrogenation reactor. Thus,
the use of methylcyclohexane as a hydrogen cartier for vehicles equipped with hydrogen engine is potentially feasible.
C
Cp
D
DR
DR
d~
H
L
P
Per
P'er
R
r
rw
T
U
2
Greek
Oiw
AI-I
E
)'R
P.
P
NOMENCLATURE
concentration, mol m- 3
specific heat, J kg-l K-I
cylinder diameter, m
reactor diameter, m
radial diffusivity, m2 s-t
particle diameter, m
cylinder height, m
length of the catalytic bed, m
pressure, Pa (0.987 x 10-5 atm)
radial Peclet number for mass transfer (u dp D~ t E -l)
radial Peclet number for heat transfer (u dp p Cp 2~ 1E -1)
radius of reactor, m
radial distance, m
rate of reaction,/~mol s -1 kgg,~
temperature, K
superficial velocity of fluid, m s-1
axial distance, m
letters
wall heat transfer coefficient, J m -2 s -1 °C -1
total heat of reaction, J mol-t
void fraction
effective radial thermal conductivity, J m -1 s -1 °C i
bulk density of catalyst, kg m -a
density, kg m -3
Subscripts
o inlet of the catalytic bed
H hydrogen
T toluene
w wall
i internal
e external
INTRODUCTION
The use of hydrogen as a fuel for automotive power in
transportation vehicles with an internal combustion
engine has been studied for several years [1, 2]. In
Quebec (Canada), where hydroelectricity is abundant,
this clean fuel would be especially suitable.
Among the variety of hydrogen storage systems,
cycloparaffins are very attractive to serve as hydrogen
carriers. The feasibility of the use of cycloparaffins has
been studied by several research groups (Taube et al. [3],
Cacciola et al. [4], Touzani et al. [5]).
In our laboratories the long term objective is to
develop a demonstration pilot unit in which the hydro-
gen engine is directly coupled to the dehydrogenation
reactor. To attain this objective, a complete kinetic study
of the dehydrogenation of methylcyclohexane (MCH)
over an industrial Pt-Sn/AI20 3 catalyst was first per-
formed by Touzani et al. [6]. Then by using the results
of the kinetic study, and a series of experimental data,
a model for a tubular reactor was derived [7].
Although very encouraging results have been obtained
with the above Pt-Sn/A1203 industrial catalyst, it has
been found that to maintain the catalyst activity, the
reaction must be carried out under a minimum hydrogen
pressure.
Therefore, in an effort to alleviate the functional
nature of the catalyst and to reduce cracking and
isomerization, the industrial catalyst was modified. As
shown by Chaouki et al. [8], the modified catalyst is five
times more resistant to deactivation than the old one.
A new kinetic model for the modified catalyst was
derived, based on the same mechanism as for the
previous catalyst.
In this paper, we present the results of a simulation
study and the data obtained on the laboratory exper-
imental dehydrogenation unit simulating the hydrogen
engine coupled reactor. These data, i.e. the amount of a
converted MCH, are compared with a target value of
16.25 x 10 -2 mol s -1 based on the fuel requirement for a
six-cylinder vehicle (consumption of 11 1 of gasoline per
100 km).
55