ISSN 2321-807X 2023 | Page May 19, 2014 ACE gene polymorphism and serum ACE level with Progression of Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetic Patients Olfat Gamil Shaker a* , Manal Fouad Ismail b , Esmat Ashour c , Heba Mourad Yousif d , Mie Afify c , Weaam Gouda c a Medical Biochemistry Dept., Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt b Biochemistry Dept., Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Egypt c Biochemistry Dept., National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt d Internal Medicine Dept., Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt ABSTRACT Background. One of the most common complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) is diabetic nephropathy (DN). Angiotensin- converting enzyme (ACE) gene was the first candidate gene of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) for predisposition to DN. Objective. Investigation whether the ACE insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism is associated with Egyptian type 2 diabetic patients (T2DM) with nephropathy. In addition, the study investigated the relationship between variants of ACE I/D gene polymorphism and serum ACE level and the progression of nephropathy in Egyptian T2DM patients. Methods. A total of 85 T2DM patients (45 with nephropathy and 40 without nephropathy) besides 45 healthy (non- diabetic) age-matched subjects were recruited in this study for comparison. The (I/D) polymorphism of the ACE gene was investigated using PCR and serum ACE levels were determined using ELISA. Results. The frequency of ACE DD genotype and D allele was significantly higher in DN patients when compared to control healthy subjects and diabetic patients without nephropathy. In addition our results showed a significant association between DD genotype of ACE gene and elevated serum ACE level. Conclusion. The present study showing a strong association between the D allele and/or DD homozygous of ACE gene and diabetic patients developed nephropathy. In addition, individuals with D allele have higher levels of serum ACE compared to those having I allele. ACE gene polymorphism and serum ACE level may serve as a susceptibility biomarker for nephropathy in type 2 diabetic patients. Keywords Diabetic nephropathy(DN),Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), Angiotensin-converting enzyme(ACE) , Gene polymorphism , Serum ACE levels. Council for Innovative Research Peer Review Research Publishing System Journal: Journal of Advances in Chemistry Vol. 9, No. 3 editorjaconline@gmail.com www.cirworld.org/journals