Development of Preparation Processes for CNT/Si
3
N
4
Composites
Cs. Balázsi
a
, F. Wéber
a
, Zs. Kövér
a
, Z. Kónya
b
, I. Kiricsi
b
,
L. P. Biró
c
, P. Arató
a
a
Ceramics and Composites Laboratory, Research Institute for Technical Physics and
Materials Science, Budapest, Hungary,
b
Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged,
Rerrich Béla tér 1., H-6720 Szeged, Hungary,
c
Nanotechnology Department, Research Institute for Technical Physics and Materials
Science, Budapest, Hungary.
Keywords: carbon nanotubes, silicon nitride, mechanical properties
Abstract. Silicon nitride based composites with different amount (1, 3 and 5 wt%) of carbon
nanotubes have been prepared. Optimisation of the manufacturing processes has been conducted to
preserve the carbon nanotubes in composites and to avoid damaging during high temperature
processing. The first results show that carbon nanotubes have a good contact to the surface of
silicon nitride grains. With increasing the carbon nanotube content a lower densification rate was
obtained together with the deterioration of the mechanical characteristics of composites. In the case
of 1wt% and 3 wt% carbon nanotube addition the increase of pressure resulted in increase of
bending strength. It was found that microstructure features achieved by properly designed sintering
parameters are the main responsible factors for the strength improvements.
Introduction
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been reported to possess exceptional mechanical and electrical
properties [1-5]. Therefore, it is expected that the addition of CNTs will radically improve the
quality of different matrices, such as polymer, metal and ceramic. So far, only modest
improvements of properties were reported in CNTs reinforced silicon carbide [6] and silicon nitride
matrix composites [7], whereas a noticeable increase of the fracture toughness and of electrical
conductivity has been achieved in CNTs reinforced alumina matrix composites [8,9]. Another
research group have found for these composites rather low increments in toughness in the classical
sense, but resistance to indentation (contact) damage [10,11]. The CNTs placed to the grain
boundaries in alumina which can provide shear weakness under indentation could explain this
phenomenon. In order to get the full use of the benefits provided by CNTs it is crucial to achieve a
good dispersion of CNTs in the ceramic matrix. Retaining the CNTs un-attacked in the composites
and to optimise the interfacial bonding between CNTs and matrix are the further requirements.
In this way the toughening effects characteristic to micron-scale fibre composites could be
explored: crack bridging by CNTs, CNT pullout on the fracture surfaces and crack deflection at the
CNT/matrix interface [12]. This study is focusing on preparation processes to tailor the
microstructure of carbon nanotube reinforced silicon nitride-based ceramic composites.
Development of the processes has been conducted to effectively disperse the CNTs in the matrix.
Importance was given to temperature-pressure-holding time relation to preserve the carbon
nanotubes in composites and to avoid damaging during high temperature processing.
An appropriate bonding between carbon nanotube and silicon nitride have been also monitored.
Morphological, structural observations, as well as characterisation of mechanical properties will be
presented.
Key Engineering Materials Vol. 290 (2005) pp. 135-141
online at http://www.scientific.net
© 2005 Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland
Licensed to University of Toronto Library - Toronto - Canada
All rights reserved. No part of the contents of this paper may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without the
written permission of the publisher: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, Switzerland, www.ttp.net . (ID: 142.150.190.39-08/07/05,16:54:07)