Journal of Computer Information Systems (forthcoming, Fall 2009) MODELING COMPLEXITY IN PHYSICALLY-DISTRIBUTED OBJECT-ORIENTED SYSTEMS William E. Spangler * Palumbo-Donahue School of Business Duquesne University Pittsburgh, PA 15282 USA Phone: 412-396-6245; Fax: 412-396-1848 spangler@duq.edu Kathleen S. Hartzel Palumbo-Donahue School of Business Duquesne University Mordechai Gal-Or Palumbo-Donahue School of Business Duquesne University Jerrold H. May Katz School of Business University of Pittsburgh * Corresponding author