Situaion of the Health Systeŵ iŶ HoŶduras aŶd the Neǁ Proposed Health Model Lino Carmenate-Milián 1 , Alejandro Herrera-Ramos 2* , Dany Ramos-Cáceres 2 , Kathy Lagos- Ordoñez 2 , Tania Lagos- Ordoñez 2 and Cesar Somoza-Valladares 2 ϭ CeŶteƌ foƌ ReseaƌĐh aŶd DeǀelopŵeŶt iŶ Health, Laďoƌ aŶd EŶǀiƌoŶŵeŶt ;CIDSTAͿ CooƌdiŶatoƌ, DepaƌtŵeŶt of PuďliĐ Health, U.N.A.H, HoŶduƌas Ϯ Naional AutoŶoŵous UŶiǀeƌsitLJ of HoŶduƌas ;UNAHͿ, HoŶduƌas * CorrespoŶdiŶg author: AlejaŶdƌo Heƌƌeƌa-Raŵos, Naional AutoŶoŵous UŶiǀeƌsitLJ of HoŶduƌas ;UNAHͿ, HoŶduƌas, Tel: +;ϱϬϰͿϯϮϳϯϯϲϰϲ; E-ŵail: alejaŶdƌoheƌƌeƌaŵd@outlook.Đoŵ ReĐeiǀed date: JuŶe Ϯϳ, ϮϬϭϳ; AĐĐepted date: JulLJ Ϭϲ, ϮϬϭϳ; Puďlished date: JulLJ ϭϬ, ϮϬϭϳ Citaion: CaƌŵeŶate-MiliáŶ L, Heƌƌeƌa-Raŵos A, Raŵos-CáĐeƌes D, Lagos- Oƌdoñez K, Lagos- Oƌdoñez T, et al. Situaion of the Health SLJsteŵ iŶ HoŶduƌas aŶd the Neǁ Pƌoposed Health Model. AƌĐh Med. ϮϬϭϳ, ϵ:ϰ Copyright: © ϮϬϭϳ CaƌŵeŶate-MiliáŶ L. This is aŶ opeŶ-aĐĐess aricle distƌiďuted uŶdeƌ the teƌŵs of the Creaive CoŵŵoŶs Atribuion LiĐeŶse, ǁhiĐh peƌŵits uŶƌestƌiĐted use, distribuion, aŶd reproducion iŶ aŶLJ ŵediuŵ, pƌoǀided the oƌigiŶal authoƌ aŶd souƌĐe aƌe Đƌedited. AďstraĐt This aricle desĐƌiďes the ĐuƌƌeŶt health sLJsteŵ iŶ HoŶduƌas iŶĐludiŶg its composiion, inancing stƌuĐtuƌe, Đoǀeƌage, eŵploLJŵeŶt aŶd the iŵpaĐt of the health peƌsoŶŶel migraion. Likeǁise, a ĐoŶtƌast is ŵade ǁith the pƌofouŶd ƌefoƌŵs that aƌe iŶteŶded to ďe Đaƌƌied out iŶ HoŶduƌas, ǁhiĐh iŶĐludes uŶiǀeƌsal healthĐaƌe, iŶĐƌeased Đoǀeƌage, aŶd the iŶĐlusioŶ of pƌiǀate pƌoǀideƌs iŶ the Ŷeǁ health ŵodel; it also iŶǀolǀes the separaion of ƌoles ďetǁeeŶ ďuLJeƌ aŶd supplieƌ. This last stateŵeŶt has geŶeƌated ĐoŶtƌoǀeƌsLJ ďetǁeeŶ seĐtoƌs, ŵeŵďeƌs aŶd pƌofessioŶals of the health seƌǀiĐes, ǁhiĐh has assoĐiated it ǁith the privaizaion of the health sLJsteŵs. Keyǁords: HoŶduƌas; Health sLJsteŵ; Refoƌŵ; SoĐial seĐuƌitLJ Introducion The good funcioning of health sLJsteŵs iŵpƌoǀes the health of the populaion, pƌoǀide soĐial protecion, ƌespoŶd to the legiimate expectaions of ciizens, ĐoŶtƌiďute to eĐoŶoŵiĐ gƌoǁth [ϭ] aŶd suppoƌt uŶiǀeƌsal Đoǀeƌage. The health sLJsteŵ is ĐuƌƌeŶtlLJ edžpeƌieŶĐiŶg diiculies ďeĐause of its liŵited ĐapaĐitLJ to help ƌeduĐe the gap iŶ the uŶaĐĐeptaďle health edžĐlusioŶ situaion. Weak goǀeƌŶaŶĐe, pooƌ sLJsteŵ ŵaŶageŵeŶt ĐapaĐitLJ, aŶd ƌigid huŵaŶ ƌesouƌĐe administraion ŵake it diicult to stƌeaŵliŶe ŵaŶageŵeŶt to iŶĐƌease aĐĐess to the geŶeƌal populaion to health seƌǀiĐes; all this suŵŵed up to the ĐuƌƌeŶt Đƌisis iŶ the health seĐtoƌ [Ϯ]. The HoŶduƌaŶ health sLJsteŵ is ĐhaƌaĐteƌized ďLJ fragmentaion aŶd pƌoďleŵs of coordinaion aŶd ariculaion ďetǁeeŶ insituions aŶd seƌǀiĐe uŶits; this iŵplies the duplicaion of aciviies, eforts aŶd ƌesouƌĐes, aŵoŶg otheƌ aspeĐts [ϯ]. To situate the ƌole of the state iŶ the health sLJsteŵ the consituion of the RepuďliĐ iŶ aricle ϭϰϱ deĐƌees that: "The ƌight to health protecion is ƌeĐogŶized, the dutLJ of all to paricipate iŶ the promoion aŶd preservaion of peƌsoŶal aŶd ĐoŵŵuŶitLJ health." The state ǁill ƌetaiŶ the appƌopƌiate eŶǀiƌoŶŵeŶt to pƌoteĐt people's health ... aŶd iŶ Aricle ϭϮϵ estaďlishes the ƌight to ǁoƌk staďilitLJ [ϰ]. AĐĐoƌdiŶg to the Woƌld Health Organizaion ;WHOͿ oŶ the peƌfoƌŵaŶĐe of naional health sLJsteŵs HoŶduƌas oĐĐupies posiion ϭϯϭ of ϭϵϭ ĐouŶtƌies [ϱ]. The iŵpoƌtaŶĐe of ĐoŶtedžtualiziŶg the ƌole of the State iŶ the health sLJsteŵ is that oŶlLJ Ϯ.ϵ% of the populaion is Đoǀeƌed ďLJ pƌiǀate iŶsuƌaŶĐe [ϲ]. The HoŶduƌaŶ health sLJsteŵ iŶ the tǁo suďseƋueŶt deĐades has had slight aŵeŶdŵeŶts, ďut theLJ coninue to use the saŵe ŵodel of health aŶd soĐial protecion foƌ ŵoƌe thaŶ ϱϬ LJeaƌs [ϳ]. IŶ ƌeĐeŶt LJeaƌs, health seĐtoƌ ƌefoƌŵ has ďeeŶ disĐussed iŶ HoŶduƌas aŶd ďeĐause of health Đƌises, a Đollapse of the Đaƌe ĐeŶteƌs [Ϯ] aŶd a seǀeƌe inancial Đƌisis foƌ Đases of corrupion [ϴ], the pƌoĐess has aĐĐeleƌated. Despite ďeiŶg a ǀeƌLJ pƌoŵisiŶg ƌefoƌŵ iŶ ŵaŶLJ ƌespeĐts suĐh as the edžteŶsioŶ of Đoǀeƌage, universalizaion aŶd modernizaion of the health sLJsteŵ; this has geŶeƌated seƌious quesioning iŶ muliple seĐtoƌs of HoŶduƌaŶ soĐietLJ. BeĐause the ƌefoƌŵ suggests autoŶoŵLJ iŶ the ŵaŶageŵeŶt of pƌiǀate insituions health seƌǀiĐe pƌoǀideƌs aƌe ďeiŶg the state aŶd its insituions oŶlLJ goǀeƌŶiŶg ďodies delegaing theiƌ funcions of inancing, iŶsuƌaŶĐe aŶd Đaƌe to pƌiǀate pƌoǀideƌs [ϵ]. The ƌefoƌŵ Đould haǀe a negaive iŵpaĐt oŶ aĐĐess to health seƌǀiĐes, the laďouƌ situaion aŶd the eĐoŶoŵLJ of the HoŶduƌaŶ populaion. This is ǁhLJ a thoƌough ƌeǀieǁ of the health sLJsteŵ is ďeiŶg eǀaluated ďLJ evaluaing its administraion, inancing, stƌuĐtuƌe aŶd huŵaŶ ƌesouƌĐes. SiŵilaƌlLJ, theƌe is a ĐoŶtƌast ǁith the pƌofouŶd ƌefoƌŵs that aƌe iŶteŶded to ďe ŵade to the HoŶduƌaŶ health sLJsteŵ, its pƌoďaďle beneits aŶd ĐoŶseƋueŶĐes ďased oŶ the edžpeƌieŶĐe of ƌefoƌŵs pƌeǀiouslLJ ŵade iŶ otheƌ ĐouŶtƌies of Lain AŵeƌiĐa. Methodology A systemaic ƌeǀieǁ of doĐuŵeŶts of scieniic socieies, internaional ďodLJ aŶd goǀeƌŶŵeŶtal insituions, as ǁell as of scieniic aricles aŶd studies ǁas Đaƌƌied out. Seǀeƌal doĐuŵeŶtaƌLJ souƌĐes ǁeƌe used foƌ the localizaion of ďiďliogƌaphiĐ doĐuŵeŶts. BiďliogƌaphiĐal seaƌĐh ǁas Đaƌƌied out iŶ PuďMed, The LaŶĐet, SĐielo, oicial pages of foƌeigŶ ageŶĐies & goǀeƌŶŵeŶts aŶd the State of HoŶduƌas. The seaƌĐh ǁas Research Article iMedPub Journals http://www.imedpub.com/ DOI: 10.21767/1989-5216.1000222 ARCHIVES OF MEDICINE ISSN 1989-5216 Vol.9 No.4:1 2017 © Under License of Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License | This article is available from: http://www.archivesofmedicine.com/ 1