THE JOURNAL OF ASIA TEFL
Vol. 14, No. 2, Summer 2017, 307-319
http://dx.doi.org/10.18823/asiatefl.2017.14.2.7.307
307
The Journal of Asia TEFL
http://journal.asiatefl.org/
e-ISSN 2466-1511 © 2004 AsiaTEFL.org. All rights reserved..
Understanding academic identity development in a changing
landscape: The case of university English teachers in Malaysia
Ida Fatimawati Adi Badiozaman
Swinburne University of Technology Sarawak, Malaysia
The changing landscape of higher education (HE) and the expansion of academic work have
impacted on academic identity development. However, there is very little known about the
academic identity development of English language teachers who transition from teaching
in the school sector to working in higher learning institutions in Malaysia. This paper thus
seeks to explore how university English teachers’ (UET) academic identities are developed
and to identify factors that are pertinent to this development through the lens of self-concept.
Data were obtained from semi-structured interviews and the analysis was done using the
framework of self-concept. The findings reveal that UETs’ self-concepts are dynamic
constructs influenced by multiple internal and external factors from their past and present
contexts. When UETs were placed into a new setting, they had to reflect on and re-evaluate
their abilities in order to adapt to internal and situational changes. Self-concept thus played
a role in restructuring the self and is strongly associated with motivation and is driven by
goals for self-improvement. The findings of this study suggest that strategies which can
support and sustain a positive transition for UETs into academia be implemented to ensure
improved recruitment and retention.
Keywords: academic identity, identity development, university, English language teachers, self-
concept
Introduction
Academic careers are complex and dynamic. According to Kaulisch and Enders (2005), the academic
career is distinct from conventional hierarchical, bureaucratic models. In fact, traditional academic career
systems have features that reflect characteristics of a more traditional career model, such as ‘tenure’ and a
fairly rigid career hierarchy. Traditionally, universities were perceived as organisations that emphasise the
dominant role of academics as the most important locus of power and control (Berdahl, 1990), giving
them autonomy and academic freedom in their practice (Santos, 2016).
Nonetheless, global changes in higher education (HE) have had a profound impact on the nature of the
profession (Sutton, 2015). The changes, which were brought about by the requirements of the knowledge
society and various political and economic constraints (Castelló et al., 2015), have resulted in increasingly
measured universities and intensification of academic work (Neary & Winn, 2016). This is evident in the
vision, policy, and governance of higher learning institutions (Altbach, 2004).
Malaysian HE is also impacted by changing market needs (Sirat, 2010). To illustrate, with strong