~ 1582 ~ Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2017; 5(4): 1582-1588 E-ISSN: 2320-7078 P-ISSN: 2349-6800 JEZS 2017; 5(4): 1582-1588 © 2017 JEZS Received: 23-05-2017 Accepted: 24-06-2017 Khalil Ahmed Kanhar Department of Zoology, Shah Abdul Latif University Khairpur Sindh, Pakistan Fateh Muhammad Kanher Department of Agriculture Extension, Sindh, Pakistan Rehana Panhwar Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam Saeed Ahmed Tunio Department of Zoology, Shah Abdul Latif University Khairpur Sindh, Pakistan Abdul Manan Shaikh Department of Zoology, Shah Abdul Latif University Khairpur Sindh, Pakistan Raja Riaz Hassan Awan Department of Agriculture Extension, Sindh, Pakistan Correspondence Khalil Ahmed Kanhar Department of Zoology, Shah Abdul Latif University Khairpur Sindh, Pakistan Parasitoids associated with mango leaf miner, Acrocercops syngramma (Meyrick) Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae in Mango Orchard Khalil Ahmed Kanhar, Fateh Muhammad Kanher, Rehana Panhwar, Saeed Ahmed Tunio, Abdul Manan Shaikh and Raja Riaz Hassan Awan Abstract The experiment was conducted on leaf miner, Acrocercops syngramma (M.) infestation and its parasitoids in Saeed Khan Kanher, mango orchard, Khairpur Sindh, Pakistan, during 2015. The results revealed were significant, (P<0.05) highest leaf miner larval population was recorded on Chaunsa (15.806/shoot). The leaf miner remained active during the emergence of new flushes in plants from August to October, with four population peaks. However, two parasitoids, Chrysocharis nephereus (W.) and Sympiesis hyblaeae (S.) were recorded in leaf miner larvae. The high adult’s population of parasitoids; C. nephereus and S. hyblaeae (4.502/plant and 1.767/plant) recorded on Chaunsa and minimum on Sindhri. While, significantly maximum parasitism percentage of both parasitoids C. nephereus and S. hyblaeae were recorded on leaf miner larvae on Chuansa. The correlation results of temperature and relative humidity with leaf miner populations on different mango varieties showed non- significant and negative correlation on Chaunsa, Fajiri and Sindhri. Keywords: Leaf miner, Mango, Parasitoid, Population 1. Introduction Mango, Mangifera indica (L.) is considered a delicious and pulpy fruit amongst the all fruits grown in tropical and subtropical areas of the world [1] . Mango orchards cultivation has ranked second after citrus and is being grown on the second largest area in Pakistan [2] . Mango fruits are rich in nutritional substance, i.e. proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, fatty acids and amino acids [3] . It is placed at a top among the all other fruits [4] . The mango orchards were grown in 87 countries all over the world, from which India, Pakistan, Brazil, Philippines, Mexico, China and Thailand are the main producers of the mango crop [5-7] . It is national fruit of Pakistan, India and Philippines, whereas it is the national tree of Bangladesh [8] . Mango orchards is cultivating in some Districts of Punjab and Sindh Pakistan. However, it produces an about 11.20 tones/hectare, 1732 thousand tons fruit yield per year and second main fruit crop of the country [9-11] . The Sindh Province is producing mango 390,486 tones out of which exporting to the world is about 61,632 tones [12] . The mango variety Sindhri commercially cultivated in the large areas of Sindh, it singly contributed 80-85% of total mango production in Sindh [13] . The mango trees become vulnerable to the pests at both vegetative as well as reproductive stages (flower and fruit damagers). The defoliators and borers damage young trees before the fruit bearing stage. The minute caterpillars excavate under the dorsal epidemics of top leaves and feed inside consequently grayish white epidemic lines and patches appear on the leaves [14] . The indirect infestation of leaf miner in newly leaves would be continuing as longer destructive for the plant health through the direct loss of photosynthetic tissue [15] . The larval feeding on the leaves tissues through mining leaving the epidermal layers unattached that creates blister like patches on the leaves between the upper and lower epidermis of newly emerged leaves. While, the damaged leaves turn into wrinkle and zigzag mined spots, dried up foremost to form the large holes on the leaves [16] . The mango leaf miner, Acrocercops syngramma (Meyrick) Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae is a major pest of mango plant, it damages to newly emerged flushes of mango plants during the month of August to November and cost maximum infestation on Chuansa and minimum on Langra varieties [17-18] . However, the [17, 19] reported that the leaf miner were damaged 17.4% to 46.245% to cashew and mango plant leaves. While, [20] mentioned that the A. syngramma appeared in the month of October- November to April-May on newly emerged plant leaves.