*Iris Power Engineering, 2-1 Westside Drive, Toronto, ON, Canada M9C 1B2, gstone@irispower.com
ADVANCES IN INTERPRETING PARTIAL DISCHARGE TEST RESULTS FROM
MOTOR AND GENERATOR STATOR WINDINGS
G.C. STONE* V. WARREN H.G. SEDDING W. McDERMID
Iris Power Engineering Kinectrics Manitoba Hydro
(Canada)
On-line partial discharge (PD) testing has been used
for decades to help maintenance personnel detect
stator winding insulation problems in motors and
generators. Specifically, the test can often find loose,
delaminated, overheated, and contaminated windings,
well before these problems lead to failure. As a result,
on-line PD testing has become an important tool for
planning machine maintenance. The test has also
found use in determining the effectiveness of any
manufacturing or repair work. With the advent of
electrical noise separation technology developed in the
1970s and 1980s, reliable on-line PD testing and basic
interpretation was made possible by plant engineering
staff with moderate training. The result has been the
widespread application of the so-called PDA and TGA
tests on machines throughout the world. Over 50% of
utility generators rated over 20 MW in the USA and
Canada now use this technology.
This widespread application has enabled the collection
over the past ten years of a database with nearly
30,000 test results. The results of a statistical analysis
of the PD results in this database shows that voltage
class, machine cooling method, and type of partial
discharge detector all are critical to interpreting test
results, whereas machine power rating, insulation type
and age of the winding are less important. Critical
values of PD, which indicate significant risk of severe
winding problems, are presented for different types of
air-cooled and hydrogen-cooled machines. Thus
Key Words: partial discharge, electrical insulation,
stator winding, condition assessment
comparison of test results to the database allows a
rough assessment of the stator winding insulation
condition, without having to wait a few years for a
trend to establish itself. However, the best assessment
of the winding condition is still obtained from the trend
in PD on a single machine over time. A doubling of
the PD magnitudes every 6 months, under similar
operating conditions is a consequence of a rapid rate
of insulation deterioration. This paper shows that the
PD is affected by machine operating conditions. Thus
to obtain valid trends in PD data, the testing should be
performed under similar operating and environmental
condition
1. INTRODUCTION
Partial discharges are both a cause and a symptom of
many types of stator winding insulation system
deterioration mechanisms in motors and generators
rated 3300 V and above. Thus it is not surprising that
the on-line measurement of partial discharges has been
used to assess the need for maintenance in stator
windings since 1951 [1]. More particularly, on-line
PD measurement has been able to determine if the
electrical insulation is deteriorating due to loose coils
in the slots resulting in insulation abrasion; thermal
deterioration or load cycling leading to insulation
delamination; and electrical tracking caused by partly
conductive contamination of the endwindings [1-7].
On-line PD testing is also able to determine if
manufacturing or installation problems such as poor
impregnation with epoxy, or coils being too close
together in the endwinding, are severe enough to
shorten the winding life.
21, rue d'Artois, F-75008 Paris
http://www.cigre.org
Session 2002
© CIGRÉ
11-202