https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884917717536
Journalism
1–21
© The Author(s) 2017
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DOI: 10.1177/1464884917717536
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The many voices of business:
Framing the Keystone pipeline
in the US and Canadian news
Tim Wood
New York University, USA
Abstract
Corporations rarely enter political battles alone. They have long partnered with trade
associations to articulate industry views, and more recently have begun routinely
creating their own activist organizations to act as allies. Amid this turn toward grassroots
corporate organizing, how is the voice – or perhaps voices – of business articulated in
the news? Using the case study of coverage of the Keystone bitumen pipeline, I offer
a framing analysis of 480 news items from six outlets in the United States and Canada,
showing which voices and frames dominate the debate. My data demonstrate that while
corporations have a robust voice in news, trade associations participate only sparingly,
and corporately funded grassroots campaigns are almost wholly omitted. Furthermore,
key silences characterize corporations’ mediated voice, with companies neglecting to
comment on issues such as climate change; anti-pipeline activists, meanwhile, maintain
their own forms of strategic silence. Proponents and detractors alike promote their
‘owned issues’, offering discourse more akin to a shouting match than a debate.
Keywords
Comparative research, content analysis, energy, framing, Keystone XL, news, public
relation
On 9 February 2005, the company TransCanada put out a press release detailing plans to
construct a 3000 km bitumen pipeline from Hardisty, Alberta to markets at Wood River
and Patoka, Illinois, a project that would later be known as the first phase of the Keystone
pipeline system. This seemingly routine missive marked the beginning of what would be
a protracted and highly mediatized struggle over Keystone. Especially after TransCanada
proposed Keystone XL as an extension to the pipeline in 2008, the project became a
Corresponding author:
Tim Wood, New York University, 239 Greene St, 8th Floor, New York, NY 10003, USA.
Email: tim.wood@nyu.edu
717536JOU 0 0 10.1177/1464884917717536JournalismWood
research-article 2017
Original article