International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 04 Issue: 08 | Aug -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1102 EFFECTIVE STUDY OF TISSUE IN CONCRETE Ramesh 1 , Karthika 2 , Naveen 3 , Tamizh Kumaran 4 1,2 Assistant Professor, Prince Shri Venkateshwara Padmavathy Engineering College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. 3,4 Student, civil engineering, Prince Shri Venkateshwara Padmavathy Engineering College, Tamil Nadu, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - According to the progressing survey, there is awareness on utilizing the bio-waste in an efficient manner. Concrete stands as the third main industry in contributing to the carbon-di-oxide emissions. Lignin being an aromatic polymer is present in all biological specimens and is found to be in higher concentration in coir dust. On adding lignin as a cement replacement material in various percentages, the results expect to create a greater impact in the compressive strength of the concrete. Using different concentration, not only the thickening time was affected, it also exhibited some variations in the compressive strength of the concrete. Key Words: Lignin, Extraction, Coir dust, Compressive Strength, 1. INTRODUCTION The progressing economy has a high demand over development of infrastructure. They mainly insist on cost economical structures endured with safety concern. Since many decades, successful infrastructure has been stepped up with a main component concrete. Concrete being the heart of evolving infrastructure, many studies and researches has been progressing in order to accompany with best economical concrete powered with high strength. Emerging heat of hydration process has resulted in global warming emission of carbon-di-oxide ( ). The concrete industry is one of two large producers of carbon-di-oxide, creating up to 5% of worldwide man-made emissions of this gas, of which 50% is from the chemical process and 40% is from burning of fuel. The carbon-di-oxide produced for the manufacture of one ton of structural concrete (using 14% cement) is estimated at 410 kg/ . The emission from concrete production is directly proportional to the cement content used in the concrete mix, 900 kg of are emitted for the fabrication of every ton of cement, accounting for 88% of the emissions associated with the average concrete mix. Cement manufacture contributes greenhouse gases both directly through the production of carbon-di-oxide when calcium carbonate is thermally decomposed, producing lime and carbon-di-oxide, and also through the use of energy, particularly from the combustion of fossil fuels. Employing by-products in concrete would create a greater impact with respect to cost. Conventional usage of materials in all time demand industries would create greater opportunity towards economy. The main motive of our project is to design a concrete that possess high strength, safety, workability. Higher strength refers to the maximum compressive strength derived at end of the curing. Safety refers to the concrete which would not fail under heavy loads unless the load exceeds by a given margin. Workability means the concrete must enhance the execution process so as to ensure both their structure life and comfort. These above criteria can be achieved with help of a natural product. Addition of polymer called lignin would help in gaining strength in concrete. Biological by-product being a conventional product from tissue of coir dusts, will be more helpful in both economic and to environment. Studies and certain researchers regarding employing of lignin in concrete have suggested that lignin helps in reducing the foot print of carbon. 2. THEORETICAL BACKGROUND Concrete has been used in a wide variety of applications for many decades to provide shelter, facilitate transportation, store water, to protect cities, to treat waste, to express artistic values and so on. Various immense structures were constructed with high architectural importance. In 1872, Cleft Ridge Span Prospect Park (Brooklyn), Cast-on-site elements were erected by stone masons which implies that Concrete is treated as an artificial stone. In1897, Glenfinnan Viaduct (Scotland) was constructed with mass concrete having 21 spans and overall length as 380m. In 1927, Ford Parkway Bridge Minneapolis/St. Paul (USA), three main spans about 100 m long was constructed justifying the aspect that Reinforced concrete leads to slender structures. Bridges across the Teesta River (Darjeeling) 1933, 1941 consists of Arch bridges with 90 m span and 15 m rise, and 82 m span and 40 m rise, respectively which implies DzGeography and terrain do not limit the use of concrete.dz Mass produced concrete housing units were developed by Thomas Alva Edison. Edison houses Union (New Jersey) 1908, Houses were cast in iron moulds within 6hours .Forms was removed after 6days and the house was then ready for finishing. Repetitive use of concrete is highly cost-effective. Concrete can be tailored to have early strength. First reinforced concrete skyscraper, 64 m high, with 16 stories was established in Ingalls Building (Cincinnati) 1902. Until that time no concrete building taller than two stories had been constructed. Buffalo BillDam (Wyoming) 1910 serves