Global Veterinaria 11 (3): 310-313, 2013
ISSN 1992-6197
© IDOSI Publications, 2013
DOI: 10.5829/idosi.gv.2013.11.3.7547
Corresponding Author: A. Midau, Department of Animal Production, Adamawa State University,
P.M.B 25 Mubi, Adamawa State Nigeria.
310
The Prevalence of Bovine Trypanosomiasis in
Song Local Government Area of Adamawa State, Nigeria
A. Ibn Zubairu, A. Midau, I.U. Dazala, M.M. Yahya and Z.M. Buba
1 2 2 3 4
Adamawa State Ministry of Livestock and Normadic Education, Adamawa State, Nigeria
1
Department of Animal Production, Adamawa State University,
2
P.M.B. 25 Mubi, Adamawa State, Nigeria
Federal University of Technology Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria
3
Department of Biological Sciences, Adamawa State University, P.M.B. 25, Mubi, Nigeria
4
Abstract: A survey was conducted in Song Local Government Area of Adamawa State on Trypanosomiasis
in cattle between June and August, 2002, to ascertain the prevalence of trypanosomiasis. A total of 240 blood
samples of different breeds, sexes and ages of cattle were collected from randomly selected herd and analyzed
in laboratory using wet, thick, thin smear and Buffy coat concentration techniques. The infection rate was
26.67%. The prevalence obtained was 9.17% and 17.50% respectively of infected males and females.
Key words: Prevalence Bovine Trypanosomiasis Nigeria
INTRODUCTION km of this area could otherwise be suitable for
Trypaliosomasis is the mine given to diseases environment if trypanosomiasis could be controlled. The
which are caused by protozoa of the genus trypanosoma. limited data available indicates that the area infested with
There are large numbers of species in the genus and they the tsetse flies has been increasing steadily since the
are widely spread in nature. Almost all domestic animals, 1950’s [3].
many wild species and man are affected by one or more of There are about 30 species of Glossina which are
the trypanosomes. capable of transmitting trypanosomes, 11 of which are
Trypanosomiasis is a parasitic disorder in mammals know to occur in Nigeria infesting 80% of Nigeria surface
that multiply in the blood stream, lymphatic vessels and area and all are known to be vectors of trypanosome
tissues including the cardiac muscles and the central species infectious to domestic animals [4]. The most
nervous system (CNS). common species in Northern Nigeria are Glossina
This infectious disease is virulent, incurable, but not palpalis, Glossina tachnoides these species are
contagious (except dourine, veneral trypanosome of associated with riverine, wood vegetation and stream
equines). Trypanosomes are frequently found in the areas. While Glossina Morsitans, Glossina Longipalis are
blood of various animal species in many regions of the associated with Savannah regions.
world. But despite the absence of the biological vector
The organism are transmitted by tsetse flies Glossina in the Sahel savannah vegetation zone, sporadic
species causing the trypanosomiasis which is outbreaks have been reported in the area Nawathe et al.
characterized by parasitaernia, emaciation reduced [5].
productivity and frequently high mortality [1]. The annual bulletin of National Institute of
FAO [2] stated that tsetse flies (Vector of Trypanosomiasis Research (N.I.T.R) indicated the
trypanosomiasis) infest approximately 10 million km of presence of Glossina species in many states of the
2
Africa, representing 37% of the total continental land country including Adamawa State. This shows that the
mass affecting 37 countries. It is considered that 7 million disease is prevalent in the state.
2
livestock and mixed agriculture without stress to the