Article Iconic Encounters: Vasily Kandinsky s and Pavel Florensky s Mystic Productivism Maria Taroutina Yale-NUS College, Singapore. Abstract This essay examines the multiple discursive intersections between the theories of perception and representation articulated by Vasily Kandinsky (18661944) and Pavel Florensky (18821937) in the rst two decades of the twentieth century. More specically, it traces Kandinskys latent interest in medieval visuality and resituates his well-known formulation of a new spiritual art in the form of abstraction within the realm of Orthodox theology and aesthetics as theorized by Florensky. This article thus proposes an entirely novel set of as yet unexplored interpretative possibilities for understanding Kandinskys oeuvre on the one hand, and the broader dialectical relationship between medieval revivalism and avant-garde experimentation on the other. postmedieval: a journal of medieval cultural studies (2016) 7, 5565. doi:10.1057/pmed.2015.48 In The Return of the Middle Ages,the theorist Umberto Eco argues that modern ages have revisited the Middle Ages from the moment when, according to historical books, they came to an end(Eco, 1986, 65). More specically, he claims that these returns tended to occur at moments of historical transition or cultural and social crisis (Eco, 1986, 74). This hypothesis certainly holds true in early twentieth-century Russia, which, in the aftermath of the 1905 Revolution and on the eve of the 1917 Bolshevik Revolution, saw a rise of interest in the Byzantine and Russian Middle Ages. Rejecting the positivist, materialist and © 2016 Macmillan Publishers Ltd. 2040-5960 postmedieval: a journal of medieval cultural studies Vol. 7, 1, 5565 www.palgrave-journals.com/pmed/