ISSN 2449-8955
European Journal
of Biological Research
Research Article
European Journal of Biological Research 2016; 6 (2): 112-118
Nutritive values of some edible forest tree seeds
in Makurdi-Benue, Nigeria
J. H. Dau¹, E. D. Kuje², S. A. Dawaki³
1
Department of Forest Production and Products, College of Forestry and Fisheries, Federal University
of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria
2
Department of Forestry and Wildlife, Faculty of Agriculture Lafia, Nasarawa State University, Nasarawa
State, Nigeria
3
Department of Forestry Technology, Audu Bako College of Agriculture, Dambatta, Kano State, Nigeria
*Corresponding author: J. H. Dau; Phone: 08068347777; 08029153959; E-mail: daujaphson@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The seeds of Adansonia digitata, Afzelia africana,
Moringa oleifera, Prosopis africana and Terminalia
catappa in Makurdi, Nigeria were analyzed in
water-soluble forms to determine their minerals
(calcium, phosphorus, potassium, iron, magnesium
and iodine) and vitamin (A, C and E) compositions
in order to investigate the possible of using seeds for
human consumption due to malnutrition in Nigeria.
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer and Titration
Method showed that the seeds were good source of
minerals. Potassium (7233.50 ± 3.50 mg/100 g) was
the highest from Terminalia catappa seed with the
lowest (502.00 ± 1.00 mg/100 g) in Moringa
oleifera seed; calcium (789.61 ± 0.01 mg/100 g)
in Terminalia catappa seeds while 81.08 ± 0.05
mg/100 g was the lowest from Adansonia digitata
seeds; magnesium (687.58 ± 0.01 mg/100 g) as the
highest in Terminalia catappa seed while 3.59 ±
0.01 as the lowest in Afzelia africana seed and iron
was determined with the highest content of 422.00 ±
1.00 mg/100 g in Terminalia catappa seeds while
3.49 ± 0.03 as the lowest in Afzelia africana seeds.
Vitamin A and C evaluated from the seeds were
found to be higher in Adansonia digitata seeds
while Prosopis africana and Terminalia catappa
seeds were low; vitamin E was high (2801.50 ± 1.50
mg/100 g) in Moringa oleifera seeds while Afzelia
africana seeds contain the lowest vitamin with 0.74
± 0.01 mg/100 g. The seeds are very good sources
of mineral and vitamin nutrients for human body as
useful dietary supplements and good health. There is
the need to assess the available of the tree seeds and
possible present of anti-nutrients.
Keywords: Dietary; Edible, Forest; Mineral;
Vitamin; Seed.
1. INTRODUCTION
The negative effects of malnutrition in the
developing countries (Nigeria) cannot be over
emphasized; this consequence is mostly found in the
rural communities and among the poor people
dwelling in Urban, cities or towns. This can be
attributed to mere ignorance of food trees around
them. In the rural communities in Nigeria (Africa),
most traditional diets often lack variety and consist
of mainly staple foods with small amounts of other
foods depending on season and availability; the
staple foods provide the calories but are poor in
Received: 13 February 2016; Revised submission: 12 April 2016; Accepted: 29 April 2016
Copyright: © The Author(s) 2016. European Journal of Biological Research © T.M.Karpiński 2016. This is an open access article
licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License, which permits
unrestricted, non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.