International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395 -0056
Volume: 03 Issue: 06 | June-2016 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2016, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 4.45 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 527
GHG ASSESSMENT TOWARDS CLIMATE POLLUTION CONTROL IN
THERMAL POWER PLANTS
A CASE STUDY Neyveli Lignite Corporation Limited Neyveli, INDIA.
Mr N. Sivaraman* Dr. V.Damodharan** Dr. V. Nehru Kumar***
*Student Department of Civil Engineering Annamalai University
** Assistant Professor, Department of civil engineering, Annamalai University
*** Professor and Director for Environmental, Health and safety. Department Annamalai University
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Abstract - Coal based thermal power plants are the major
sources in India to meet the ever increasing demand for
power and as such there is a need to address the issue of
controlling climate pollution by mitigating Green House
Gases (GHG) from their emission stack. Technologies like
carbon capture and storage (CCS) are widely considered to
be a possible technical option to mitigate carbon dioxide
from such large-point source. However, the economics of
CCS is a major barrier and constrain. This thesis intended to
evaluate the feasibility of the carbon credits which can be
generated to refinance the costlier schemes of climate
pollution control in Thermal Power Plants, through a case
study.
Neyveli Lignite Corporation Limited (NLC) is a major coal
based thermal power plant having three complexes with 18
numbers of units with a net power generation capacity of
2490 MW. 2014-2015 Power Generation (MU) 19729.13
Annual data as well as the concentration of GHGs, primary,
CO2 with Methane (CH4) and Nitrous Oxide (N2O).
India can develop Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)
project under Kyoto protocol (KP). Any attempt by NLC to
Dzcap and tapdz the emission will enable to develop a CDM
project which will eventually generate Certified Emission
Reduction (CER). NLC can process the CER under United
Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
(UNFCCC) for Carbon Credits and whose selling revenue will
eventually offset significantly the required revenue for
implementing CCS toward climate pollution control.
Intergovernmental panel on climate change (IPCC)
Methodology tool Inventory Software , version 2.17 was
used evaluate GHG and it was assessed that net CER of
7195,201 tonne CO2 equivalent is possible and this
additional revenue will strategically allow NLC to venture
upon technologies like CCS for preventing climate pollution.
Keywords: (Climate Pollution, GHG, CCS, NLC, CDM, KP,
UNFCCC, Carbon Credits)
1. INTRODUCTION
Climate Change is the most significant
environmental challenges of our time with global dimension.
The changes and variability in the global climate change are
visible with unprecedented rains, sea level raise, drought,
etc., that are continuously daunting the live ability of
vulnerable areas of the planet itself. The rain of November,
2015 which devastated Chennai is one credible example of
proof to this concern at national level.
Global initiatives are progressing under the aegis of
United Nation Framework Convention on Climate Change
(UNFCCC) to control Green House Gases (GHG) emissions to
prevent further increase in the global atmospheric
temperature. The recently concluded COP-21 at Paris
concluded with a pact that every nation shall have its own
initiatives to cap and cut such GHG emissions to hold the
increase in the global average temperature to below 2°C
above pre industrial levels by reducing emission to 40 Giga
tones or to 1.5°C above pre industrial levels, for which IPCC
is mandated to suggest a methodology by 2018
Coal based Thermal Power plant emissions are the
biggest among all anthropogenic industrial sources of GHG,
primarily CO2 .In India, around 65% of electricity is
generated by coal based thermal power plants. Coal based
power plant are the main producer of flue gas with
pollutants of SPM, CO2, SO2, NOX, etc. Quantity of these
emissions is dependent on quality and quality of copal .CO2 is
main GHG with more responsibility for global warming due
to larger emission and higher concentration .Nearly 21.3% of
GHGs are emitted by coal based thermal power plants.
Technologies like carbon capture and storage (CCS)
are widely considered to be a possible technical option to
mitigate carbon dioxide from large-point sources. National
and international political decision-makers devote a growing
amount of capacities and financial resources to CCS in order
develop and demonstrate the technology and to diminish
possible economic and environmental risks. However, the
economics of CCS is a major barrier constrain for its
application. This thesis indented to evaluate the feasibility of