International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395 -0056 Volume: 03 Issue: 07 | July-2016 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2016, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 4.45 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1644 Experimental Investigation of Single Cylinder Diesel Engine with Sesame Oil and Ethanol Blends at Various Compression Ratio. A. N. Sahastrabuddhe 1 , M. R. Dahake 2 1 PG Student Mechanical Engineering Department, A.I.S.S.M.S. College of Engineering, Pune, Maharashtra, India 2 Assistant Professor, Mechanical Engineering Dept. A.I.S.S.M.S. College of Engineering, Pune, Maharashtra, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - Continuous rise in the conventional fuel prices and shortage in supply have increased the interest in the field of alternative fuels for internal combustion engines. Diesel engines are mostly trusted source of transportation and power generation. In present work, experimentation was carried out on single cylinder VCR diesel engine which is connected to the eddy current dynamometer, emission gas analyzer and smoke meter. The test was performed with four different blends of sesame oil, ethanol and diesel in the ratios of 5%, 15%, 35% and 55% of sesame oil keeping ethanol at constant 5% and remaining diesel. The experimental results were compared for neat diesel operation with ethanol and sesame oil blends at compression ratio 16, 17 and 18. There is 12.23%, 13.55%, 9.93% and 6.68% improvement observed in brake thermal efficiency. Also, there is 9.52%, 11.90%, 7.69% and 5.76% reduction in specific fuel consumption at full load condition. Improvement was observed not only in performance parameters but also in emission reduction. There is an average 25%, 14%, 10%, and 8.97% reduction in HC and average 67%, 56%, 53% and 40% reduction in CO observed at full load condition. But increase in NO could not be prevented which was increased from220 ppm to 262 ppm and found decreased with varying blends of ethanol and sesame oil for higher compression ratio. The experimental results obtained shows that sesame oil, ethanol and diesel blends works better at higher compression ratio. Key Words: Sesame oil, ethanol, diesel engine, emissions. 1. INTRODUCTION Diesel engines have been widely used in almost all engineering machinery, automobile and shipping power equipment due to their excellent drivability and economy. At the same time, diesel engines are major contributors of various types of air pollutants such as carbon monoxide (CO), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), particulate matter (PM) and other harmful compounds. With the increasing concern of the environment and stringent emission norms, the reduction in engine emissions is a major research objective in engine development. Based on the depletion of fossil fuels and environmental considerations has led to investigations on the various alternative fuels such as CNG, LPG, ethanol, hydrogen, biodiesel etc [1]. Conventional diesel fuels could be replaced by various possible alternatives fuels like ethanol and biodiesel. Research continues on the development of high efficient, low cost process for producing ethanol from other feed stock such as waste from agricultural crops, food and beverage processing wood and paper processing [2]. Fuels like alcohol, biodiesel, liquid fuel from plastics etc are some of the alternative fuel for diesel engine. Plastics have become an indispensable part in today’s world, due to their light weight, durability, energy efficiency, coupled with a faster rate of production and design flexibility, these plastics are employed in entire industrial and domestic areas hence plastics have become essential materials and their applications in the industrial field are continuously increasing day by day. At the same time, waste plastics have created very serious environmental challenges because of their huge quantities and their disposal problems [3, 4]. Ethanol could be one of the possible renewable fuels for diesel substitution in diesel engines. It can be made from any starch bearing crops such as sugarcane, sorghum, corn, barley, cassava, and sugar beets. Besides being a biomass- based renewable fuel, ethanol has a cleaner burning characteristics and a high octane rating. The auto-ignition temperature of ethanol is higher than that of diesel fuel, which makes it safer for transportation and storage. The application of ethanol as a supplementary fuel will reduce environmental pollution. The major problem associated with use of alcohol in diesel engine is the limited miscibility at lower temperature and the required minor variations in fuel delivery systems restricts the use of ethanol in diesel. One of the effective approaches is adding oxygenated fuel to solve the above problem without any modification of the engine. The selections of oxygenated fuels is based on economic viability, toxicity and fuel blending properties [5, 6]. 1.2 Sesame oil Sesame oil is a refined vegetable oil from sesame seeds. which are unusually high in oil, around 50% of seed weight. Sesame is an oil seed and is one of the oldest cultivated plants in the world. Vegetable oils have different chemical structures up to three fatty acids linked in a glycerol molecules with ester linkage. The fatty acid varies in the carbon chain length and its number of double bonds. Higher structure of fatty acids in oil gives a higher cetane number