ISSN: 2277-9655
[Prakash* et al., 6(9): September, 2017] Impact Factor: 4.116
IC™ Value: 3.00 CODEN: IJESS7
http: // www.ijesrt.com © International Journal of Engineering Sciences & Research Technology
[498]
IJESRT
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES & RESEARCH
TECHNOLOGY
A NUMERICAL ON HEAT CONDUCTIVITY BEHAVIOR OF ZIRCONIA FILLED
EPOXY COMPOSITES
Prem Prakash
*1
, Irshad Ahmad Khan
2
Mechanical Engineering Department, Sagar Institute of Research and Technology, Bhopal, India
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.995968
ABSTRACT
A numerical simulation of the heat-transfer process within epoxy matrix composite filled with micro-sized
zirconia particles using finite element method is proposed in this paper. Three-dimensional spheres-in-cube
lattice array models are constructed to simulate the microstructure of composite materials with zirconia content
ranging from about 1.41 to 11.31 volume fraction and the effective thermal conductivities of the composites are
estimated. A commercially available finite-element package ANSYS is used for this numerical analysis. The
result shows that the effective thermal conductivity ( k
eff
) increases with increase in the volume fraction of the
zirconia in the epoxy matrix. The simulated values are compared with calculated k
eff
values obtained from other
established correlations such as Rule-of-Mixture (ROM), Maxwell’s model and Lewis Neilson model.
KEYWORDS: Polymer matrix composites, epoxy, zirconia, thermal conductivity, numerical simulation.
I. INTRODUCTION
Modern day electronic devices are packaged with many polymeric materials, such as electronic molding
compound (EMC) and glob top encapsulation [1]. Usually thermosets like epoxy or polyester resin and
thermoplastics like polypropylene (PP) or polyamide systems are used for encapsulating a variety of electronic
components because of their high thermal stability, moisture resistance and low cost. But unfortunately, these
resins have poor thermal properties like high coefficient of thermal expansion and low thermal conductivity [2].
The high thermal expansion coefficient of plastic resin is lowered with the addition of ceramic powder filler,
like fused silica or quartz. But silica-filled epoxy resins are less desirable for the encapsulation of silicon
integrated circuit (IC) chips because of silica’s low thermal conductivity. Since recent applications of polymers
as heat sinks in electronic packaging require new composites with relatively high thermal conductivity, it is
important to enhance the conductivity of the polymers [3]. Improved thermal conductivity in polymers may be
achieved either by molecular orientation or by the addition of conductive fillers. Thermally conducting polymer-
matrix composites are becoming increasingly important for electronic packaging because the heat dissipation
ability limits the reliability, performance and miniaturization of electronics. By the addition of fillers to plastics
the thermal behaviour of polymers can be increased significantly. Such filled polymers with higher thermal
conductivities than unfilled ones become more and more an important area of study because of the wide range
of applications, e.g. in electronic packaging in applications with decreasing geometric dimensions and
increasing output of power, like in computer chips or in electronic packaging [4].
Reports are available in the existing literature on experimental as well as numerical and analytical studies on
thermal conductivity of some filled polymer composites. Most of the work was conducted taking metal powder
as filler material. In this series, Rusua et al. [5] first used zinc powder as filler material and found appreciable
increase in the thermal conductivity. Later Mamunya et al. [6] also reported the improvement in electrical and
thermal conductivity of polymers filled with metal powders. Further Boudenne et al. [7] used aluminium as
filler material in polypropylene matrix for improvement in thermal conductivity of the matrix body. Later they
further went with similar study and this time they had taken copper as filler material for the improvement of
thermal conductivity of polypropylene composites [8].