1 Beyond ‘for or against’: environmental NGO-evaluations of CCS as a climate change solution Draft version of : Corry, Olaf and Riesch, Hauke (2012). Beyond ‘for or against’: environmental NGO-evaluations of CCS as a climate change solution. In: Markusson, Nils; Shackley, Simon and Evar, Benjamin eds. The Social Dynamics of Carbon Capture and Storage. Earthscan Science in Society Series. Abingdon: Routledge, pp. 91–108. Olaf Corry and Hauke Riesch. Introduction The environmental NGO (ENGO) community has previously had a considerable impact on public policy processes, not least through its ability to influence agenda-setting and problem- definition in policy processes (Togerson 1997, van der Heijden 2010). However, it represents a particularly critical constituency for technologies such as large-scale CCS for which there is little other rationale than an environmental one, namely that of mitigating climate change (e.g. Shell 2008,3). At the same time CCS is a complex case for ENGOs who may be drawn to it by a sense of urgency related to possible climatic tipping points, yet often harbour deep suspicions of fossil fuel industry actors, ‘end-of-pipe’ solutions and express scepticism regarding whether and how fast CCS will be rolled out and to what effect. Rather than challenging or confirming ENGO views of CCS as accurate or misguided, this chapter analyses the discursive framing of the varied positions environmental ENGOs have taken on Carbon Capture and Storage technology (CCS). Despite agreeing on many of the