INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN MULTIDISCIPLINARY FIELD ISSN – 2455-0620 Volume - 3, Issue - 9, Sept - 2017 Available online on – WWW.IJIRMF.COM Page 64 Carbon sequestration strategies in the changing global environment Sandeep Pandey *1 , Pooja Tiwari 2 , Seema Khare 3 and Sandeep Kumar 4 1, 2, 3 School of Environmental Biology, A.P.S University Rewa, India-486003 4 TFRI, Jabalpur, India Email - sandeep27pandey@rediffmail.com 1. INTRODUCTION: The increasing human populations have resulted in growing demands of food and land with net global forest loss of nearly 50% in the last twenty five years. The global forestry which was 4.1 billion ha in 1990 declined to less than 4 billion ha i.e. a decrease of 3.1 percent during these quarters. In the last twenty five years, the natural forest area have declined to 129 million ha with an annual net loss rate of 0.13 percent, primary forest gets modified up to 31 million ha into naturally regenerated forest, and more interestingly the planted forest area increased to 105 million ha at the same period (FAO, 2016). The tropical forests that once covers half of the world’s forestry, even present more deteriorated picture and out of these almost a third are loosed, 46% gets fragmented, 30% degraded, and only 24% or 600 million hectares is either in a mature or relatively undisturbed state showing a significant impact on absorption, storage and thus the whole carbon cycle (TFAR, 2015). During 2015 most of the world’s forests are natural forest, accounting to 3.7 billion ha or 93 % of global forest area, 74% are “other naturally regenerated forest” and 26 % are primary forest (FAO, 2016). The increasing human requirements has exploited the wilderness mainly the wood, fibers and other forest produces thus requiring the understanding of the ecosystem functioning and comparing it with the old natural forest (Noormets et al., 2015). The 96 percent of the world’s forests follows both policies and legislation and supports sustainable forest management (SFM), however these forest also shows decline of almost 11 gigatonnes of global carbon stocks in forest biomass, thus a matter of great concern according to the report (FAO, 2016). Fig. 1: Global Forest status of primary, natural and planted forest 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 World Africa Asia Europe North & Central America Oceania South America Primary forest Natural forest Planted forest Abstract: The human induced activities have shown an adverse impact on biological and physical components of the ecological system altering the global environment. The urbanization and industrialization have caused a heavy loss of primary and natural forest; and the slow growth rate of secondary forest will take much enough time to cover these losses. The mitigation of increasing GHG emissions and its impact on global environment change have emerged as a great challenge in front of environmentalists and forest policy makers. Afforestation and soil carbon sequestration, approaching to intensive agriculture for minimizing surface temperature, increasing aquatic primary productivity are some issues needed to be addressed for minimizing the impact of environmental challenges like global warming and climate changes. Special focus should be on CO 2 capture and sequestration technique that can play a significant role in reducing GHG emissions from new and existing industrial operations and fossil fuel power plants and their geological storage. The technique has potentiality to be adopted by all mega power plants and to meet their carbon pollution standards. The technology is viable in developed countries, and in future all the power plants and projects in developing and under-developing countries have to approach to it for reducing CO 2 emission and assuring a safer and pollution free global environment. This comprehensive review highlights the causes of global forest depletion, carbon degradation and its consequences. The remediation through natural and human induced carbon sequestration technology and their significances are also explored. Key Words: Forest depletion, secondary forests, green house gases reduction, carbon sequestration