International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395 -0056 Volume: 03 Issue: 05 | May-2016 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2016, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 4.45 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2229 Smart Irrigation System using FPGA based Wireless Sensor Network Priyanka Ranade 1 , Prof. S.B. Takale 2 1 Assistant Professor, Department of ECE ,Sinhgad College of Engineering Vadgaon(BK),Pune,Maharashtra, India 2 Professor, Department of ECE ,Sinhgad College of Engineering Vadgaon(BK),Pune,Maharashtra, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - This paper describes the design of a smart wireless sensor network (WSN) for an agricultural environment. For efficient water management in agricultural area proposed work develops sensor-based irrigation systems that offer a potential solution to support irrigation management in field. Field’s moisture conditions will monitored by in-field sensor node distributed across the field interfaced with FPGA, these nodes send data wirelessly through Zigbee to central server, which collects the data, store it and allow it to control on/off action of motor. Thus smart irrigation system provides proper management of water in field allows former to maximize their productivity while saving water. Key Words: WSN; Zigbee; FPGA; Irrigation 1.INTRODUCTION Agriculture has played a key role in the development of human civilization but we know agriculture is mostly dependent on climatic condition and hence climatic condition such as drought, flood, etc. badly affects the agricultural field hence cause loss in production. That is in drought deficiency of water cause loss in yield and on other hand in over- irrigated area loss in yield is due to access of water. To avoid such loss in production proper water management must be needed. Thus efficiently designed irrigation system is required to properly distribute the water in field. This system must be environmental friendly and distributed water in irrigation field in smart way that is water is provided to those areas of field where it is needed so that wastage of water can avoided and provide proper management of water in field. In our system mainly two modules are designed one is field module and other is control module as shown in Fig.1. The both modules have Spartan3A FPGA board as control unit. This board has inbuilt analog to digital converter (ADC) and digital to analog converter (DAC) as well as onboard LCD. In field modules analog moisture sensors are interfaced with Spartan3A board through onboard ADC these sensors are used to collect moisture data from agricultural field. In control module motor interfaced with FPGA through inbuilt DAC whose speed is controlled according to acquired sensor data from field module this data also displayed on onboard LCD. The FPGA based irrigation system provides system to sense and monitor real time agricultural environment. It has two RS232 serial port having UART serial communication which allows us to design ZigBee network to established communication between field and control module. The remaining paper present as, In Section II we describes literature survey on this topic, then in section III current capabilities of FPGA with its features and comparison between different communication technologies explained, further in section V complete hardware system architecture including interfacing of ADC, DAC, Sensor and required software are explored. At last section VI presents all results and conclusions. 2.RELATED WORK After the research on Agriculture, researchers found that due to unpredictable climatic conditions and mismanagement of water, yield of agricultural field get suffered and its quality goes on decreasing day by day. To improve its quality and increasing the production as well as reducing the water scarcity related problems the technology in the field of agriculture plays an important role. Some of the technologies are described by researchers are summarized below. R. G. Evans and W. M. Iversen et. al [10] designed a site-specific precision linear-move irrigation system where six in-field sensor station implemented across agricultural field. These station monitored field condition based on soil property map then periodically sampled it and transmit wirelessly to the base station. In this system Bluetooth is use for Wireless communication. The most important thing of smart agriculture is to monitor environmental condition and other is water management and for this wireless sensor network based system is much simpler and cheaper Hence AVR microcontroller based smart irrigation system is developed where four type of sensors including soil moisture, air temperature, air humidity and underground water level in the pipe are interfaced with microcontroller to monitor environmental conditions is explained by [1] Nattapol Kaewmard, Saiyan Saiyod further, they describe how ZigBee with mesh protocol and AT command mode can work for communication. The irrigation system based on FPGA designed by K.Sindhu, Y.Sri chakrapani, M. Kamaraju, [2] where various sensors are interfaced with FPGA to sense the field conditions and stored it in memory. So that farmer can then use required data and take necessary precaution for