International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395 -0056
Volume: 03 Issue: 05 | May-2016 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2016, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 4.45 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2333
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF 3D 4x4 MESH TYPE BUFFERLESS
NOC USING X-Y ROUTING ALGORITHM
SUSHMA N, NEETHU K N
MTech student, VLSI and Embedded Systems, Dept of ECE, Reva Institute of Technology and
Management,Karnataka, India
Assistant Professor, VLSI and Embedded Systems, Dept of ECE, Reva Institute of Technology and
Management,Karnataka, India
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Abstract - A basic 3D NOC Router has problems of deadlock
and hot spot. Also it requires buffers to store packet data. In
this paper we present 3D 4 *4 NOC Router which uses routing
algorithm called X-Y Routing algorithm which will avoid
deadlock and hot spot by using priority encoders. The 3D NOC
Router designed here is also buffer less since the data is
transferred at a speed of 1clock per node and does not require
buffers to store data. The 3D NOC router is designed using
Verilog HDL, simulated by Modelsim and prototyped by using
FPGA. The simulation results show that it also improves the
area utilization.
Key Words: 3D NOC, X-Y Routing,deadlock,hotspot
1.INTRODUCTION
Network on Chip(NOC) is a subsystem on an integrated
circuit which acts as a communication interface between
nodes in a System on Chip(SOC).SOC is an integrated circuit
that combines all components of electronic system into one
chip. Performance of a NOC depends strongly on its
underlying architecture and routing techniques. Here we are
building 3D NOC by using ʹD NOC’s. ʹD NOC’s are placed
vertically one above another instead of placing them next to
each other, thereby forming a 3D NOC. Compared to 2D NOC,
3D NOC has minimum latency, lower power consumption,
better performance and increased area utilization.
Due to constraints such as wire-length constraints and
layout complications, the 2D NOCs have limited network
structures that are possible. There are various types of 3D
NOC topologies such as 3D Mesh, 3D Torus, 3D Stacking
Mesh and so on.
We are using a 3D 4x4 Mesh type NOC which consists of
nodes and routers. Each node also has a priority encoder
Fig-1: 3D 4x4 Mesh type NOC
Router is the most important component for transferring data
from one node to another. It is the communication backbone
of a NOC system. So it should be designed with maximum
efficiency. Routers are used on a network for directing the
traffic from the source to the destination. It coordinates the
data flow which is very crucial in communication networks.
Routers are intelligent devices that receive incoming data
packets, inspect their destination and figure out the best path
for the data to move from source to destination. Router must
be well designed to achieve high performance.
The priority encoders output corresponds to the currently active
input which has the highest priority. So when an input with a
higher priority is present, all other inputs with a lower priority
will be ignored.
1.1 RELATED WORK
Different types of routing algorithms have been mentioned by
other papers
Paper [1] shows a router which uses a Elevator-first
routing algorithm which transmits packets to the destination
node in an irregular topological structure. But this algorithm
suffers from deadlock.
Paper [2] shows a router which uses look ahead XYZ
routing algorithm, which reduces the power consumption but
it occupies significant area since it uses input buffer. So it is
not buffer less.
Paper [3] addressed the thermal power problem in 3D
NOC’s which is one of the most important issues in ͵D NOC’s.
The routing algorithms which are used takes too many