International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 04 Issue: 09 | Sep -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 205 COMPARATIVE STUDY OF EXISTING TECHNIQUES FOR DIAGNOSING VARIOUS THYROID AILMENTS Umar Sidiq 1 ,Rafi Ahmad Khan 2 1 Ph.d scholar Mewar University Rajastan India. 2 Assistant professor Kashmir University,J&K India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***------------------------------------------------------------------ Abstract:- The thyroid gland is one of the most important organ in our body. It secretes thyroid hormones which are responsible for controlling metabolism. The less secretion and much secretion of thyroid hormone causes hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism respectively. In this paper an overview and comparison of existing data mining techniques used for diagnosing thyroid diseases is presented. The current study explores preliminaries behind the techniques and presents classification of various techniques based on their accuracy and number of attributes under investigation. The main focus of this study will be to carry out the survey of existing data mining techniques used to diagnosis of various thyroid ailments, to present the techniques used and its accuracy. Keywords:-Thyroid diseases, neural network, Support Vector Machine, Decision tree. 1. Introduction:- Data mining based applications are very valuable and essential in healthcare and medical science. In health care, there are large amount of data, and this data has no organizational value until converted into information and knowledge, which can help control costs, increase profits, and maintain high quality of patient care. In the health sectors data mining play an important role to predict diseases [1]. Data mining has provided different techniques and tools to extract valuable hidden patterns of data from complex medical databases with no trouble and are/is used to diagnose disease/diseases of a patient more accurately. In this paper main focus is to present the survey of existing data mining techniques and accuracy achieved used to diagnosis of various thyroid ailments . Performance of technique/techniques varies as the number of attributes is increased or decreased to be used as input. So this study presents number of attributes used by different researchers in their work along with accuracy. Thyroid diseases are one of the most common endocrine disorders found in worldwide. In India, it is expected that about 42 million people in India suffer from thyroid diseases [2].The thyroid or thyroid gland is one of important and commonly called an endocrine gland present in the human body and is located in the human neck below the Adam’s apple. The main purpose of thyroid is to produce thyroid hormones thyroxin (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) into the blood stream as the principal hormones to control the body’s metabolic rate and growth. The failure of thyroid hormone will leads to thyroid disorders or diseases [3].When this hormone is secreted very little it may lead to hypo-thyroidism. And when this hormone is secreted of too much it may lead to hyper-thyroidism [4]. Both excess and less thyroid hormone secretion causes health problems and sometimes may lead to death. Thyroid diseases are broadly dived into two types (i) Hyperthyroid: Increase in the hormone production can cause hyperthyroidism. In medical field, Dzhyperdz indicates excess or too much. (yperthyroidism occurs when the gland produces excess hormones. The most common cause for hyperthyroidism is the autoimmune disorder Graves’ disease so also known as an overactive thyroid and it can cause a extensive range ofphysical changes. The symptoms that indicate the presence of hyperthyroidism includes loss of weight, high blood pressure, nervousness, increase in heart rate, an increased sweating, swelling in your neck, frequent bowel movements, shorter menstrual periods and trembling hands [3]. (ii)Hypothyroid: Decrease in the hormone production can cause hypothyroidism. In medical field,The term hypo means less or deficient/not enough. Hypothyroidism is a condition that the thyroid gland does not produce enough hormones. Inflammation and damage to the gland causes hypothyroidism. The following sections of this paper are designed as follows. Section-2 reviews literature pertaining to data mining and applications of data mining techniques used for diagnosis of thyroid diseases. Section-2.1 describe important attributes used for diagnosis of thyroid diseases. Section-2.2 throws light on the comparative study. In Section-3 presents the conclusion of the paper. And at last the references are mentioned. 2. Review literature:- In recent years, various works have been done for the diagnosis of various thyroid diseases using different data mining techniques by different authors. They tried to attain efficient methods and accuracy in finding out diseases related to thyroid by their work including datasets and different algorithms along with the experimental results and future work that can be done on the system to achieve more efficient results. This paper aims at analyzing different data mining techniques, tools and number of attributes that has been introduced in recent years for diagnosis of thyroid diseases with accuracy by different authors and achieved different probabilities for different methods.