International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395 -0056 Volume: 03 Issue: 03 | Mar-2016 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2016, IRJET ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal Page 709 Optimum Size and Location of Distributed Generation and capacitor for Loss Reduction using different optimization technique in Power Distribution Network Renu Choudhary 1 , Pushpendra Singh 2 1 Student, Dept of electrical and electronic & Govt. women’s engineering college, Ajmer, India 2 Asst. Professor, Dept of electrical and electronic & Govt. women’s engineering college, Ajmer, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - The small scaled decentralized generating unit is known as distributed generation (DG). This decentralized or DG system is one of the modern techniques for solving the network problem i.e., power loss reduction, voltage profile improvement. This paper presents a comparison of three optimization technique i.e., PSO, GA and PSO+ABC for the placement of DG and capacitor in distribution system. The optimization is useful for the reduction of the real power loss and voltage profile improvement. The shunt capacitor is frequently used for reactive power compensation. The losses are major concern distribution system and these losses reduce by different technologies i.e., DG placement, capacitor placement, network reconfiguration. Finally in recent years are seen the capacitor is cheap source to reduce the losses and improve voltage profile. The effectives of these optimization techniques are tested on IEEE 33 bus test system under MATLAB software. Key Words: Distributed generation, PSO, GA, PSO+ABC power loss minimization, capacitor placement. 1.INTRODUCTION ( Size 11 , cambria font) In past years the shunt capacitor banks were placed in distribution system for reactive power compensation, it supports improving the voltage profile, reduce the power losses and improve the power factor [1]. The capacitor is connected in series parallel combination. Distribution generation is a small scale power generation or decentralized generating unit usually connected at load side in distribution system but the objective behind it is not new at all. When electricity demand increase at consumer level then transmission capacity of transmission line is also increase. It is mandatory to build a certain capacity of power plant at load centre and power grid. So as to reduce the power losses enhance the system stability. In today world, the DG technologies are developing swiftly and it is an attractive area in energy research direction. The total power delivered to the load side has been calculated according to total power generation and power loss in transmission system. Due to low voltage and high current in distribution system, the largest power losses are occur and they goes up to 5-13% of the total power generation. The capacitor placement and DG installation are two methods for loss reduction and voltage profile enhancement in distribution system. The PSO, GA and PSO+ABC are three meta-heuristic techniques. These techniques used in placement of DG and capacitor for power loss reduction. The GA optimization tool has been employed to solve different problem of DG and capacitor placement. The author [4] suggested minimization of power loss, find optimal size and location of DG unit by using different techniques. The author of [6] discussed the optimal location of DG by using PSO and AI techniques and in [5] PSO is applied on three different of DG to determine optimal size and location. GA technique has been applied for loss minimization with optimal size of DG and capacitor [3]. In [9] the author describes the optimal location and size of different DG by using ABC technique for loss reduction. The goal of PSO, GA and PSO+ABC method is to determine the best optimal location, size of capacitor and DG at that instant power loss is also minimize by increasing voltage profile. This paper contains following section are: section II describe mathematical problem formulation of power flow. In section III and IV brief description of PSO and GA. In section 5 th the simulation result of three techniques is described. 2. PROBLEM FORMULATION This section contains mathematically problem formulation of power flow. The real and reactive power loss is calculated by Dzexact loss formuladz[2]. Load flow technique is used to find the accuracy, effectiveness for finding the exact solution. The real and reactive power loss in power system is given as [7] = (1) Where Ƚij = / COS( Here ith element of impedance matrix