Addictive Behaviors, Vol. 24, No. 1, pp. 135–138, 1999
Copyright © 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd
Printed in the USA. All rights reserved
0306-4603/99/$–see front matter
PII S0306-4603(98)00053-7
135
Pergamon
BRIEF REPORT
SITUATIONAL DETERMINANTS OF ALCOHOL ABUSE AMONG
CAUCASIAN AND AFRICAN-AMERICAN COLLEGE STUDENTS
MIGUEL J. HUMARA and MARTIN F. SHERMAN
Loyola College
Abstract — The present study examined gender, race, and binge status differences in alcohol
consumption among Caucasian and African-American college students as well as situational
differences as qualified by the race of binge drinkers. A confidential questionnaire was volun-
tarily completed by Caucasians (n = 102) and African-Americans (n = 81) at a medium-sized
regional university. The data analysis revealed a significant gender effect on alcohol consump-
tion, with men consuming more alcohol than women. There was no significant main effect of
race on alcohol consumption. In addition, Caucasian binge drinkers had significantly higher
interpersonal problem behavior scores than did binge-drinking African-Americans, and
binge-drinking African-Americans had higher intrapersonal problem behavior scores than did
binge-drinking Caucasians. © 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd
Alcohol is the most widely used and abused mood-altering substance in the United
States. So widespread is this problem, that alcohol abuse and dependence are three
times as numerous as all other substance abuse problems combined (Myers et al.,
1984). Research with college students shows the magnitude of the binge-drinking
problem that has arisen on campus. The results of one study showed that 50% of men
and 39% of women college students had engaged in binge-drinking behavior in the 2
weeks prior to the gathering of data (Wechsler, Dowdall, Davenport, & Castillo,
1995). If prevention and treatment programs are to be effective, factors contributing
to the development of alcohol disorders need to be examined. The focus of the current
study was to examine gender, race, and binge-status differences in alcohol consump-
tion as well as situational differences between Caucasians and African-Americans.
Based upon a review of the current literature, three major hypotheses were exam-
ined. First, men would report consuming more alcohol than would women. Second,
Caucasians would report consuming more alcohol than would African-Americans. Fi-
nally, an interaction effect was expected between race and problem situations (Intra-
personal: unpleasant emotions, physical discomfort, pleasant emotions, testing per-
sonal control and urges or temptations to drink vs. Interpersonal: conflict with others,
social pressure to drink and pleasant times with others) among binge drinkers, such
that Caucasian college student bingers would have higher interpersonal problem be-
havior scores than would African-American bingers, and African-American bingers
would have higher intrapersonal problem behavior scores than would Caucasian bin-
gers. This prediction was based on Cooper, Russell, Skinner, and Windle’s (1992) re-
sults that suggested Caucasian individuals may be more likely to drink as a result of
Portions of this research were presented at the Eastern Psychological Association Convention,
Washington, DC, April 1997.
Requests for reprints should be sent to Martin F. Sherman, Department of Psychology, Loyola College,
4501 N. Charles St., Baltimore, MD 21210-2699; E-mail: MFS@LOYOLA.EDU