International Journal of Constructive Research in Civil Engineering (IJCRCE) Volume 1, Issue 1, 2015, PP 1-7 www.arcjournals.org ©ARC Page 1 Gainful Utilization of Fly Ash and Hypo Sludge in Concrete Dr. Jayeshkumar Pitroda Assistant Professor, Civil Engg Department, B.V.M. Engineering College, Vallabh Vidyanagar jayesh.pitroda@bvmengineering.ac.in Abstract: Fly Ash and Hypo Sludge is obtained as waste by-products from the thermal and paper industries. The utilization of thermal industry waste fly ash (Class-F) and paper industry waste hypo sludge can reduce the consumption of natural resources, reduce the quantity of expensive cement and reduce environmental pollution. Investigations were carried out to gainful utilization of fly ash (Class-F) and hypo sludge in concrete mixtures. This research work describes the gainful utilization of the fly ash (Class-F) and hypo sludge in concrete production as partial replacement of cement by weight. The cement has been replaced by fly ash (Class-F) and hypo sludge accordingly in the range of 0% (without fly ash and hypo sludge), 5% + 5%, 10% + 10%, 15% + 15% and 20% + 20% by weight of cement for M-40 mix. Concrete mixtures were produced, tested and compared in terms of compressive strength and flexural strength to the conventional concrete. These tests were carried out to evaluate the mechanical properties for the test results for compressive strength and flexural strength up to 90 days are taken. Keywords: Fly Ash, Hypo Sludge, Compressive Strength, flexural strength, Cost 1. INTRODUCTION Fly ash is the most commonly used coal combustion product. Fly ash is also a profitable resource. When fly ash is added to concrete, the amount of cement that is necessary can be reduced. Fly ash is a significant material that gainfully improves the performance of concrete. It is estimated that about 175 million tonnes of fly ash is being produced from different thermal power plants in India. It consumes thousands of hectares of agriculture land for its disposal. It causes serious health and environmental problems. Fly ash helping to leads the fight against global warming. Paper mill sludge is a foremost economic and environmental problem for the paper and board industry. The material is a by-product of the de-inking and re-pulping of paper. The total quantity of paper mill sludge produced in the world is many million tonnes. The main recycling and disposal routes for paper sludge are land-spreading as agricultural fertilizer, producing paper sludge ash, or disposal to landfill. In efficient terms, paper sludge consists of cellulose fibres, fillers such as calcium carbonate and china clay and residual chemicals bound up with water. The moisture content is typically up to 40%. In the present experimental investigation for gainful utilization of fly ash and hypo sludge in M40 grade of concrete. 2. DESIGN MIX MATERIALS 2.1 Supplementary Cementitious Material: Fly Ash and Hypo Sludge Fly ash is composed of the non-combustible mineral portion of coal. The fly ash is procured from Maize Products (A division of Sayaji Industries Ltd) Power plant. This plant is located near kathwada in Ahmedabad District in Gujarat State. This hypo sludge contains, low calcium and maximum calcium chloride and minimum amount of silica. The hypo sludge is procured from J. K. Papers mill Pvt. Ltd, plant. This plant is located near Songadh in Tappi District in Gujarat State. The Chemical Properties of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC), Fly Ash and Hypo sludge as listed in Table 1: