International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395 -0056
Volume: 2 Issue: 9 | Dec-2015 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2015, IRJET ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal Page 2004
MODELING OF PHOTOVOLTAIC CELL- FUEL CELL HYBRID SYSTEM: FOR
UNINTERRUPTED POWER MANAGEMENT
Gaurav Kumar
1
, Dr R. Vijaya Santhi
2
,
1
MTech scholar, Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Andhra University, Andhra Pradesh, India
2
Assistant Professor, Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Andhra University, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Abstract - This paper deals with the details of a hybrid
model of a solar and fuel cell. The load supplied is based on
the photovoltaic panel, while the fuel cells are back-up for
compensating possible power load shortage. The simulation
includes all realistic components of the system, in this thesis
power delivered by the combine system component is
compared with each other and various conclusions are
drawn. This paper describe of solar-fuel hybrid system for
supplying electricity to power grid. In this thesis solar power
module and its modeling is also simulated through MATLAB.
.
Key Words: Solar power, fuel cell, hybrid generation
energy, grid etc…
1. INTRODUCTION
Hybrid systems, as the name implies, combine two or
more renewable or non-renewable modes of electricity
generation together, usually using renewable technologies
such as solar photovoltaic (PV) and fuel cell. Non -
Renewable energy sources are fast depleting source and
are not sustainable in nature. Apart from that present
topographical )ndia doesnǯt have grid connectivity in every
place. This thesis deals with the introduction of Hybrid
power sustainable system comprising of solar power
system and fuel cell system connected to feeder. Although
photovoltaic panels are used as popular renewable energy
sources, major problems they encounter depending on
power production are with solar irradiation. Hence this
problem can be solved by using fuel cell in this thesis.
2. SOLAR POWER SYSTEM
The solar system is developed and designed with the
series and parallel connection of solar cell or photovoltaic
cell. A Solar cell is a device that converts the energy of
sunlight into electricity or flow of electron. The effect by
which energy of sunlight is converted into flow of electron
is called photoelectric effect. A single solar cell produces
only about 0.5V however 12 V panel about 25inches by 54
inches will contain 36 cells wired in series to produce
about 17 volts peak output.
Nomenclature
Vph is the output of photovoltaic cell
I is current output of PV cell,current source
Iph represents the cell photocurrent.
Rsh and Rs are the intrinsic shunt and series
resistance of the cell
A = B is an ideality factor = 1.6
k is Boltzman constant = 1.3805 × 10-23 J/K
Isc is the cell short circuit current at 250C and
1kW/m2
Ki is cell short circuit current temperature
coefficient,
Tr is the cell reference temperature,
λ is the solar isolation in kW/mʹ
Irs is the reverse saturation current at a reference
temperature,
Eg is the band-gap energy 1.1eV
Voc is the PV open circuit voltage at the reference
temperature
2.1 PV cell model
General model:
A general mathematical description of the I-V output
characteristics of a PV cell has been studied. As shown in
figure 1, the equivalent circuit of the general model is
composed of photo current source, diode, parallel resistor
expressing the leakage current and series resistor
describing the internal resistance to the current flow
Fig 1The equivalent circuit of photo voltaic cell
Characteristic equation for the pv cell is given by
I=Iph-Is(exp[ ]-1)-( ) (1)