https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167217739262
Personality and Social
Psychology Bulletin
1–13
© 2017 by the Society for Personality
and Social Psychology, Inc
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DOI: 10.1177/0146167217739262
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Empirical Research Paper
Mate selection is central to reproduction, the driving engine
of biological evolution. This fact has motivated much research
on human mate preferences, revealing universal preferences
for kindness, intelligence, age, beauty, status, resources,
health, and more (Buss, 1989; DeBruine, Jones, Crawford,
Welling, & Little, 2010; Gangestad, Haselton, & Buss, 2006;
Kenrick & Keefe, 1992; Singh, 1993). Despite this progress
in understanding the content of mate preferences, mating
research has generated less insight into how humans apply
their preferences to select mates (Li & Meltzer, 2015). In par-
ticular, it remains unclear how people integrate information
on multiple preferences into overall evaluations of their
potential mates. Here, I test a hypothesis that humans select
mates by integrating mate preferences according to a
Euclidean algorithm. Specifically, I compare agent-based
models with human samples to test the hypothesis that people
who are more desirable according to Euclidean calculations
experience greater power of choice on the mating market.
Mate preference integration is an essential step in mate
choice. When selecting mates, all people face an array of
imperfect potentials, each of whom will fulfill some prefer-
ences but not others. An intelligent mate may be unkind, a
kind mate may be unhealthy, a healthy mate may be unat-
tractive, and so on. Evaluating, comparing, and selecting
among these imperfect potentials requires a psychology
capable of combining information on each potential mate’s
assets and blemishes into summary evaluations of their over-
all values as mates (Buss & Schmitt, 1993; Jonason, Garcia,
Webster, Li, & Fisher, 2015; Jonason, Raulston, & Rotolo,
2012; Li, Bailey, Kenrick, & Linsenmeier, 2002).
Human mate choice psychology could use a variety of
algorithms to accomplish this integration. A commonly
assumed algorithm is a linear combination in which mate
value is calculated as the sum of a potential mate’s trait val-
ues, weighted by the preferences for each of these values
(Buss & Schmitt, 1993; Eastwick, Luchies, Finkel, & Hunt,
2014). Here, preferences act like slopes in a linear regression
formula, with a stronger preference for a given trait mani-
festing as a stronger effect of that trait on overall mate value.
Such linear combinations are powerful and intuitive but have
many limitations. Chiefly, they cannot account for estab-
lished nonlinear patterns of mate preference and attraction
(Lee, Dubbs, Von Hippel, Brooks, & Zietsch, 2014; Li et al.,
2002). For instance, men strongly prefer mates who are mod-
erately physically attractive over mates who are physically
unattractive, but do not discriminate as strongly between
moderately and highly physically attractive partners (Li
et al., 2002, 2013). Creating these nonlinear effects with a
linear combination would require the addition of potentially
intractable numbers of parameters. Curvilinear algorithms,
739262PSP XX X 10.1177/0146167217739262Personality and Social Psychology BulletinConroy-Beam
research-article 2017
1
University of California, Santa Barbara, USA
Corresponding Author:
Daniel Conroy-Beam, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences,
University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9010, USA.
Email: conroy-beam@psych.ucsb.edu
Euclidean Mate Value and Power of
Choice on the Mating Market
Daniel Conroy-Beam
1
Abstract
Three studies tested the hypothesis that human mate choice psychology uses a Euclidean algorithm to integrate mate
preferences into estimates of mate value. In Study 1, a series of agent-based models identify a pattern of results relatively
unique to mating markets where individuals high in Euclidean mate value experience greater power of choice: strong
preference fulfillment overall and correlations between mate value and (a) preference fulfillment, (b) ideal standards, and (c)
partner mate value. Studies 2 and 3 demonstrated that this pattern of results that emerges in human romantic relationships,
is specific to mate value as a long-term partner, and is not accounted for by participant biases. These results suggest that
human mate choice psychology uses a Euclidean algorithm to integrate mate preferences in mate choice, providing insight
into the computational design of human mating psychology and validating this algorithm as a useful tool for future research.
Keywords
mate choice, mate preferences, assortative mating, computer simulations, evolutionary psychology
Received February 14, 2017; revision accepted September 25, 2017