International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) ISSN (Online): 2319-7064 Index Copernicus Value (2015): 78.96 | Impact Factor (2015): 6.391 Volume 6 Issue 10, October 2017 www.ijsr.net Licensed Under Creative Commons Attribution CC BY The Impact of the Utilization of Riparian Area for Settlements (Case Study of North Jayapura District, Jayapura City) Lazarus Ramandey University of Cenderawasih Jayapura Papua, Indonesia Abstract: The limitedness of area and plot of land in Jayapura City which are allocated for settlements has become a problem in Jayapura city. Population growth and high-rate of urbanization are impacted on the utilization of land which is not in accordance with its allocation. The modification of riparian area on the right and left sides of the river for settlements has reduced the function of the river, because in addition to river conservation, river has a double role as the securer of water source and as the protector of its surrounding area. Therefore, riparian area becomes more important to be considered. The riparian area in settlement area is assumed to be adequate for a 10-15 meters inspection road to be built on. The real condition of the rivers in North Jayapura District of Jayapura City, compared to the criteria of riparian area for settlement area, has not been inappropriate. The river's function as the protector of its surrounding area has gone astray. If there is someday a flood, the impact may cause material damage or even life victims. Keywords: Riparian Area, Settlement, North Jayapura 1. Introduction A city which is a life network marked by high population density and colored by heterogeneous social economic strata (Anthony, 1992), in the end may bring influence to the process of physical growth and development of the city itself. The city's physical growth and development are also influenced by the basic physical condition of a region or area such as topography and earth's relief of a region or area (Barnett, 1982). In addition to an aspect of requirement of the people of a certain activity which later will cause various phenomena imply on the utilization of city space and in general to the formation of the city's face. As one of the fundamental physical conditions in a region, river is an inseparable part to the growth and development of a city (Anthony, 1992). The utilization of river as transportation line will imply on various land utilization on its banks, where the utilization of these banks, in addition to bringing positive influence to the city's growth and development, it will also give a number of impacts to the growth of the city's problems (Djemabut, 1986). The condition developing in the area along the river banks has generally violated the Decree of the President of the Republic of Indonesia Number 32 of 1990 on the Management of Protected Area and the Regulation of the Government of the Republic of Indonesia Number 47 of 1997 on the National Spatial Plan which regulate the determination of riparian area lines and the application of riverside area as the local protected area (Kivel, 1993). 2. Literatur Review Riparian Area: Riparian area or floodplain is located between the river ecosystem and land ecosystem. Based on the Decree of the President of the Republic of Indonesia No. 32 of 1990 on the Management of Protected Area, riparian area is defined as the areas alongside the left and right of the river, including man- made river/canal/primary irrigation channel, which has vital role to maintain the function of the river. Riparian area includes river banks, namely part of the river body which is only covered by water in the rainy season and the riparian area on the outer part of the banks, namely the area receiving the water flooding in the rainy season and which has higher soil humidity compared to that in the land ecosystem (Merriam, 2005). Flood in the riparian area in the rainy season is a natural phenomenon having vital ecological function in maintaining the balance of environment and soil fertility. The banks are determined based on the relation between flood flow and the area of lower flow profile, usually above 1.0 m - 1.5 m above the average low water face elevation (Sjarief, 1997). Riverbank Settlement: Riverbank settlement is generally a marginal settlement, because it sits on a land which is not allocated for buildings (Djemabut, 1986). The solution concerning wild settlement in the riverbank is by eviction or relocation of residents to a new place. The controlling of spatial utilization based on Act of the Republic of Indonesia No. 26 of 2007 on Spatial Planning is an activity related with supervision and policing towards the planning implementation, in order for the spatial utilization to be in accordance with the Spatial Planning (Department of Public Works, 1986). In Act of the Republic of Indonesia No. 26 of 2007 Article 35 it is explained that the spatial utilization control is performed through the stipulation of zoning, permit, incentives and disincentives, and sanctioning. The regulation is compiled based on the detailed spatial plan for each spatial utilization zone (Hasni, 2010). As an effort to restore the function of riverbank area as protected area but which is still can be utilized by the city people as a socially functioned area, the concept of riverbank area planning is created (Chay, 2004). The high requirement of activity space and the competence in urban land utilization causes the increase of land economic value, especially on the areas having commercial and strategic values, which in the end causes pressure and destruction towards areas related with the existence of public open spaces in the city (Jayadinta, 1999). Public open spaces such as city squares, parks, playgrounds, sport fields, are gradually disappearing, being replaced by buildings and inhuman pavements. The rarer Paper ID: ART20176728 DOI: 10.21275/ART20176728 2022