ISSN: 2320-5407 Int. J. Adv. Res. 5(10), 695-709 695 Journal Homepage: -www.journalijar.com Article DOI:10.21474/IJAR01/5577 DOI URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/IJAR01/5577 RESEARCH ARTICLE A REVIEW ON APPROACHES TO DIAGNOSE THE AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER: THE NEED OF THE HOUR. Kajal Singla 1 , Abhinob Baruah 1 , Shilpa S Chapadgaonkar 1 and * Nilanjan Das 2 . 1. Department of Biotechnology, ManavRachna International University, Faridabad, India. 2. Accendere Knowledge Management Services Private Ltd., India. …………………………………………………………………………………………………….... Manuscript Info Abstract ……………………. ……………………………………………………………… Manuscript History Received: 09 August 2017 Final Accepted: 11 September 2017 Published: October 2017 Key words:- Multigenic, neurodegenerative disorders, biomarkers, autism, diagnosis. Autism spectrum disorder is a complex multigenic neurodevelopmental disorder with a prevalence of 1 in 68 children affecting male more than female (1 in 42 boys and 1 in 189 girls). In present study, focus has been put forth on several aspects of autism diagnosis. To that end association of certain biomarkers such as oxytocin, vasopressin, retinoic acid and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine has been discussed. As autism is also known to be caused by parental influence, prenatal stress, improper uterine environment, drugs taken during pregnancy and role of vertically transmitted diseases has also been given importance. Biological cause correlates autism with various other disorders such as schizophrenia, fragile X syndrome and mitochondrial disorders. Moreover, autism is known to be caused by more than 100 genes. Thus, a thorough emphasis has been given to highlight inter and intra- association of all the relevant diseases and biomarkers to give more insight regarding diagnostic measures of autism. Copy Right, IJAR, 2017,. All rights reserved. …………………………………………………………………………………………………….... Abbreviations:- AD - Alzheimer's disease ADHD - Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder AMPAR - α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor ASD - Autism spectrum disorder ALT - Alanine aminotransferase AMPAR - Alpha-Amino-3-Hydroxy-5-Methyl-4-Isoxazole Propionic Acid receptor AST - Aspartate aminotransferase AVP - Arginine vasopressin system BDNF - Brain derived neurotrophic factor cADPR - Cyclic ADP Ribose CCL - Chemokine C-C motif ligand CD - Creatin Deficiency CD38- Cluster of differentiation 38 CDH9 - Cadherin CDH10 - Cadherin 10 CHD8 - Chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 8 CK - Creatine kinase Corresponding Author:-Nilanjan Das. Address:-Accendere Knowledge Management Services Private Ltd., India.