ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTIONS Gastric Bypass and Sleeve Gastrectomy: the Same Impact on IL-6 and TNF-α. Prospective Clinical Trial Elaine Cristina Viana & Karine L. Araujo-Dasilio & Gustavo Peixoto Soares Miguel & Josefina Bressan & Elenice Moreira Lemos & Margareth Ribeiro Moyses & Gláucia Rodrigues de Abreu & João Luiz Moreira Coutinho de Azevedo & Perseu Seixas Carvalho & Maria Rita S. Passos-Bueno & Flávia Imbroisi Valle Errera & Nazaré Souza Bissoli Published online: 10 March 2013 # Springer Science+Business Media New York 2013 Abstract Background Due to the association between the quantity of adipose tissue and concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), this work aimed to assess the effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) procedures on serum IL-6 and TNF-α concentrations. Methods This study evaluated serum IL-6 and TNF-α levels, as well as routine anthropometric and biochemical values, before and 1 year post-bariatric surgery. Fifty per- cent of patients (n =24) underwent RYGB, and 50 % (n =24) underwent SG. Prior to bariatric surgery, IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA expression levels in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) were investigated in obese women. Results There was a significant reduction (p <0.05) in all anthropometric and routine biochemical measurements in patients in the RYGB and SG groups 1 year post-surgery. The serum concentrations of IL-6 and TNF-α were reduced following surgery in both groups (p <0.05). No differences in the relative expression levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were found between SATand VAT prior to bariatric surgery. Conclusions RYGB and SG procedures demonstrated a similar impact on adipokine levels in women 1 year post- surgery. Both techniques may improve the course of chronic diseases and the state of inflammation associated with obesity. Keywords IL-6 . TNF-α . Bariatric surgery . Weight loss . Roux-en-Y gastric bypass . Sleeve gastrectomy E. C. Viana : M. R. Moyses : G. R. de Abreu : N. S. Bissoli Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Rua Marechal Campos, 1468 Vitória( CEP: 29040-090, ES, Brazil K. L. Araujo-Dasilio Biotechnology Graduate Program, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil G. P. S. Miguel Department of Obesity Surgery, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil J. Bressan Department of Nutrition and Health, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil E. M. Lemos Center of Infectious Diseases, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil J. L. M. C. de Azevedo Department of Surgery, Federal University of São Paulo—UNIFESP, Vila Mariana, SP, Brazil P. S. Carvalho Department of Medical Clinic, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil M. R. S. Passos-Bueno Human Genome Center, Department of Genetics and Evolutive Biology, Institute of Bioscience, University of Sao Paulo—USP, São Paulo, ES, Brazil F. I. V. Errera Department of Morfofunctional Sciences, EMESCAM College of Helth Sciences, Vitoria, ES, Brazil E. C. Viana (*) University Vila Velha, Boa Vista, Vila Velha( CEP: 29102-770, ES, Brazil e-mail: elainecviana@gmail.com OBES SURG (2013) 23:1252–1261 DOI 10.1007/s11695-013-0894-2