DNA Profiling of Transgenes in Genetically Modified Plants Bittsánszky A 1,2 , Gabor G 1* Gullner G and Komíves T 1 Plant Protection Institute, CAR, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Hungary 2 Inst Genetics and Biotechnology, Szent István University, Hungary * Corresponding author: Gyulai Gabor, Inst Genetics and Biotechnology, Szent István University, 2103 Gödöllő, Páter K. u. 1.Godollo, Hungary, Tel: +36 28 522-069; E- mail: gyulai.gabor@mkk.szie.hu Received date: April 20, 2016; Accepted date: May 25, 2016; Published date: June 02, 2016 Copyright: © 2016 Bittsánszky A, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Abstract In silico sequence diversities of four orthologous plant gsh1 genes and their anino acid translates of GSH1 proteins (Glutathione Synthase) were compared to the non-orthologous prokaryotic gshI/GSHI gene/protein of E. coli (NCBI # X03954). Primer pair was designed and transgene detection was carried out in two types of gshI-transgenic poplar clones (Populus x canescens) of ggs11 (cyt-ECS) and lgl6 (chl-ECS). Usefulness of genetic modification technologies (GMO) is indicated. Keywords: Biotechnology; DNA Proiling Introduction Transgenes represent genetic markers artiicially introduced in laboratory motivated to improve crops. Detection of marker in the Genetically Modiied Organism (GMO), and its vegetative or sexual progenies; and monitoring it in test and cultivated populations as well as in exposed non-target cross-pollinated populations is of fundamental and practical importance. he genetically modiied state of an organism, i.e. the presence of the transgene, is veriied essentially by DNA proiling. Selecting the DNA sequence for DNA proile is straightforward because a known sequence is introduced. Introduction of genes, self or foreign, into plants had prerequisites. he ability to select and identify desired genotypes in cells, tissues or intact plants laid the fundamentals for application of genetic transformation of plants and animals by tools of biotechnology. he Biological Research Centre (Szeged, Hungary) can be considered as the Genius Loci [1] of the current plant biotechnology since methodologies of plant cell line selections for chloroplast mutants [2,3], cell fusion [4], genetic transformation [5,6] bacterial nitrogen ixation [7] and artiicial chromosomes [8] were either fundamentally developed or highly improved there. he irst stable higher plant mutant, the antibiotic (i.e. streptomycin, SR) resistant (i.e. mutant) tobacco (SR1) was selected [2] in vitro, followed by the selection [9] and identiication of SR1A15 [10] the irst double mutant of higher plants, the albino (chloroplast) tobacco [9,11]. Later, as the early forms of gene transfer, protoplast cell fusion plants (i.e. cybrids) were developed in several laboratories [12-16]. Alternatives to the conventional haploid genome transfer (i.e, pollination), the technologies of single and pyramided gene transfer resulting in stable transgenic crops (i.e. GM - genetically modiied, or GMO - genetically modiied organism), were developed in four labs at the same time in 1983: GM Nicotiana plumbaginifolia (resistant to the antibiotic kanamycin) [17], other tobacco lines resistant to kanamycin and methotrexate (a drug used to treat cancer and rheumatoid arthritis) [18], GM petunia resistant to kanamycin [19] and GM sunlower transformed by phaseolin gene isolated from bean [20]. he irst ield trial of GM cotton was carried out in 1990, followed by the irst FDA-approved (Unites States Food and Drug Administration) transgenic food of Flavr-Savr tomato in 1994 [21]. A series of further GM crops were released in 1995, such as the canola oil seed rape (Brassica napus) with modiied oil composition (Calgene), Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) corn (Ciba-Geigy) resistant to the herbicide bromoxynil (Calgene), Bt cotton (Monsanto), GM soybeans resistant to herbicide glyphosate (Monsanto); virus-resistant squash (Asgrow), and a delayed ripening tomatoes (DNAP, Zeneca/Peto and Monsanto) [22,23]. Later, a series of woody plants were also bred by genetic transformation [24-29]. Here we present a case study of barcoding (i.e. detecting and monitoring GM plants) the CaMV-35S-gshI poplar (Populus x canescens) with techniques useful for both developing GM plants and for anti-GM purposes. Materials and Methods DNA extraction Total DNA samples of 0.1 g leaf tissue in each case were extracted in CTAB, cethyltrimethylammonium bromide, bufer followed by RNase- A (from bovine pancreas, Sigma, R-4875, treatment) for 30 min at 37C. DNA samples of ten individuals of each line were pooled in one bulk and subjected to PCR analysis. Multiple sequence alignments for primer design Nucleotide sequences of genes gsh1 were downloaded from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) databases [30]. Multiple sequence alignments were applied in silico with the sotware programs BioEdit Sequence Alignment Editor (North Carolina State University, USA) [31], Multalin [32], Clustal W [33], FastPCR [34] and computer program MEGA4 [35]. Forensic Biomechanics Gabor et al., J Forensic Biomed 2016, 7:2 http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2090-2697.1000129 Research Article Open Access J Forensic Biomed ISSN:2090-2697 JFB, an open access journal Volume 7 • Issue 2 • 1000129