International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 04 Issue: 11 | Nov -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2037
Three Dimensional Non-Linear Seismic Analysis of a Cable Stayed
Bridge Using ANSYS
Muhammad Habib
1, 2,
Lifei Yang
3
, Nawaz Ali
4
, Shuang Liu
5
, Zhijun Chen
6, 7
1, 3, 5, 6
School of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
2, 4
Civil Engineering Department, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and
Management Sciences, Quetta, Pakistan
Abstract - The dynamic behavior of a cable stayed bridge is
studied. The response of the cable stayed bridge is examined by
carrying out non-linear static and dynamic (earthquake)
analyses. Modes and the natural frequency of the bridge is
studied by Modal analysis based on the Block Lanczos method.
ANSYS is used to simulate the 3D model based on the Finite
Element Method (FEM) .Cables are modeled by single element
approach instead of multiple elements to reduce the data
usage and computational time. The displacement convergence
approach is used to avoid the convergence problems as cable
stayed bridges are complex structures. The result shows that
the bridge has complex modes due to the coupling effects for
the free vibrations and it is more flexible in vertical direction
than in transverse and longitudinal directions. Response of the
bridge under earthquake loads is also studied. Transient
analysis was performed for EI-Centro 1940 ground motion
data of 10 second with a time interval of 0.0001 seconds.
Important sections of girder and tower were carefully
observed.
Key Words: Dynamic Behaviour, Single-tower Cable
Stayed Bridge, Modal Analysis, Time History Analysis,
ANSYS
1. INTRODUCTION
Due to their efficient, economically viable, faster
construction and aesthetically attractive looks have made
cable stayed bridges as one of the most widely used bridge
system for medium to long span bridges. At present these
bridges have the ability to cover a span length from 200 m to
1200 m or even more. Of all the long span bridges being
constructed nowadays, almost 90 percent are cable
supported bridges [1].Recent development in the analysis
and design of cable stayed bridges ensure to build this type
of bridges with relatively small size of the sub structural
elements. Rapid and efficient construction techniques also
add to its popularity. With the advancement in design
techniques, material properties and qualities and good
construction techniques enable to achieve long spans with
slender elements. To achieve slim, shallower and long span
bridges, more advance and accurate techniques need to be
developed in order to predict the structural response due to
the earthquake and wind loadings. During the last 70 years,
since the collapse of the first Tocoma Narrows Bridge,
dynamic study of the cable stayed bridges has become very
important. A lot of research works both experimental and
theoretical has been carried out to understand the behavior
of the cable stayed bridges under the wind and earthquake
loadings [2, 3].
Fleming and Egesli [4] proposed that the linear dynamic
analyses were accurate enough to design a cable stayed
bridge by studying a 2-D bridge model. Abdel Ghaffar and
Nazmy [5] give motion equations for some 3-D hypothetical
models by considering some of the nonlinear behaviors also.
Abdul Ghaffar and khalifa [6] also consider the effect of
vibration of the cables on the dynamic behavior of the cable
stayed bridges. A lot of work related to earthquake effects is
also done. Jamuna Bridge was studied for the earthquake
effects on the basis of spectrum analysis and found that cable
stayed bridges can withstand an earthquake acceleration up
to 0.216g [7].
To save time and storage modal analysis is mostly
performed. It is used to obtain information about the
frequencies, mode shapes and modal participation factors.
With increasing span, slim cross sections, low damping and
high flexibility cable stayed bridges are more vulnerable to
the earthquake and wind loadings. Major source of damping
is greatly reduced in the cable stayed bridges as compared to
conventional bridges. Cable stayed bridges have very low
damping which is not even sufficient to overcome its own
vibrations. To increase the damping of the system external
damping devices are extensively used in nowadays cable
supported bridges. But a lot of research is needed to be
investigated the damping problems of the modern bridges
and its economy [8]. Since 80’s a lot of work is being done
focusing the seismic response of the cable stayed bridges [9-
13]. Nonlinear behavior, supports condition role, cable
vibrations and spatial variability were also studied. Some
dynamic characteristics of interest of this study are
frequencies, mode shapes, modal participation factor and
effective modal masses. Vertical and transverse and torsional
behavior is studied separately.
7
Professor, School of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology,
Wuhan, China
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