Journal of Civil Engineering and Environmental Technology
Print ISSN: 2349-8404; Online ISSN: 2349-879X; Volume 1, Number 2; August, 2014 pp. 19-22
© Krishi Sanskriti Publications
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Assessment of Urban Transport in Medium Towns
Shashank Shekhar
1
, Monika Singh
2
1
Centre for Transportation System, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand
2
Dept. of Planning, School of Planning and Architecture Delhi, Delhi
Abstracts: India is urbanizing at a very rapid pace still many of
the Indian cities are struggling to keep with this fast pace of
urbanization. Today with increasing urban population there is
growth in demand for urban transport, which leads to increase in
private vehicular ownership and decline in public transport
share. Cities in India are suffering from severe and worst
transport problems like: congestion, parking shortage, traffic
injuries and fatalities. Sudden rise in private vehicle ownership,
deteriorating public transport service, limited and outdated
transport infrastructure with inadequate as well as
uncoordinated land use and transport planning are the major
concern areas. This paper is a scholastic attempt to understand
the emerging issue of transport infrastructure in medium town.
Furthermore, it also reveals the need of strategic planning in
urban transport infrastructure and recommends planning
improvements that would help to mitigate urban transport
problem and promote better quality of life in a pragmatic and
holistic manner.
Keywords: strategic planning, transport infrastructure,
urbanization, urban transport
1. INTRODUCTION
Transportation is the major problem that today our cities are
facing either it is movement of freight or the people both with
the increasing time are becoming costlier and slow in
functioning. But the main issue to discuss is why this is
happening all because we are yet not capable to cope with the
pace of development or because of gap between the
formulation and execution step. If we consider the
development and urbanization one of the factor which is yet
slow in medium towns as they are next in queue to develop
after the large cities of the nation, but there is also another face
of coin which clearly states our incapability of decision
making and its successful execution. Further in this paper we
will discuss how land use planning and transportation system
are dependent on each other and how our medium towns got
into this rat race of urbanization.
2. URBANIZATION IN INDIA
India shares most characteristic features of urbanization in the
developing countries. Number of urban agglomeration /town
has grown from 1827 in 1901 to 5161 in 2001. Number of
total population has increased from 23.84 crores in 1901 to
102.7 crores in 2001 whereas number. Of population residing
in urban areas has increased from 2.58 crores in 1901 to 28.53
crores in 2001. This process of urbanization in India is shown
in Fig 1. Urban growth can be attributed to mainly three
components 1) Natural increase, 2) Net migration, 3) Areal
reclassification. These components have been estimated using
residual method.This trend is less observed in developed
nations but in developing nations, cities are getting urbanized
at faster rate accounting for 68% of urban population in 2000
and 77% (3.26 billion) by 2020 [1].
For the last 30 years, migration has contributed about a filthy
of the population; natural urban population growth contributed
about 60 % and the rest about equally split between new town
formation because of reclassification and urban boundary
expansion or sprawl.
According to Census of India 2011 there are 7, 935 towns in
the country. The number of towns has increased by 2, 774
since last Census. Many of these towns are part of Urban
Agglomerations and the rest are independent towns. The total
number of Urban Agglomerations/Towns, which constitutes
the urban frame, is 6166 in the country. The total urban
population in the country as per Census 2011 is more than 377
million constituting 31.16% of the total population [3].
As per Census of India 2011, there are 468 such Urban
Agglomerations/Towns. The corresponding number in Census
2001 was 394 whereas 264.9 million persons, constituting
70% of the total urban population, live in these Class I Urban
Agglomerations/Towns. [3].
3. IMPACT OF URBAN TRANSPORT ON INDIAN
CITIES
Economic efficiency of cities and well-being of urban
inhabitants are directly influenced by mobility. Whereas
structure and growth of a city is directly influenced by tis
transport system. As our metropolitan cities are completely
saturated with their extreme limit, considering case of Delhi,
as its outgrowth is there in the name of National Capital
Region (NCR), and to connect these areas further MRTS
systems were introduced so as to lower down the population
pressure on the city.
After these metropolitan cities there comes the number of our
Class I towns, which are next to get influenced by this
urbanization factor. As medium towns have lower income