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ENHANCEMENT OF HEAT TRANSFER IN SHELL AND TUBE HEAT
EXCHANGER BY USING NANO FLUID
V. RAMBABU
1
, J. RAMARAO
2
& S. RAVI BABU
3
1
Professor, Department of Mech, GMRIT, Rajam, Andhra Pradesh, India
2
P.G. Scholar, Department of Mech, GMRIT Rajam, Andhra Pradesh, India
3
Assistant professor, Department of Power Engineering, GMRIT, Rajam, Andhra Pradesh, India
ABSTRACT
Heat transfer rate of TiO
2
and water Nano fluids were measured in a shell and tube heat exchanger under the
turbulent flow condition. Even with insignificant focus of Nano particles in the base fluids, results in enhancement of
heat transfer coefficient. Heat transfer rate of TiO
2,
at its optimum Nano particle concentration are greater than the
water particle. From the past research, it is evident that, the addition of Nano particles increases the heat transfer rate.
So for the present study, TiO
2
Nanoparticles were chosen for dispersing them in the water, for enhancing heat transfer
properties and comparing them with only pure base fluid. The current study is also extended to find the overall heat
transfer coefficient and the amount of heat transfer enhancement at different flow rates. Further, heat transfer
characteristics like Reynolds number and effectiveness were also measured. From the experimental outcomes, it is
observed that, there is a clear enhancement in the heat transfer characteristics with addition of Nano particle, at different
volume concentrations (0.05%, 0.1%, 0.15% and 0.2%), for different flow rates.
KEYWORDS: Effectiveness, Heat Transfer, Nano Particles, Reynolds Number & Turbulent Flow
Received: Aug 02, 2017; Accepted: Aug 21, 2017; Published: Sep 15, 2017; Paper Id.: IJMPERDOCT201720
INTRODUCTION
A heat exchanger is defined as equipment, which transfers the energy from a hot fluid to a cold fluid, with
maximum investment and running costs. A heat exchanger is a device used for affecting the process of heat
exchange between two fluids, that are at different temperatures. Heat exchangers are useful in many engineering
process like those in refrigerating and air-conditioning systems. Power systems, food processing systems, chemical
reactors and space or aeronautical applications in heat exchangers, the temperature of each fluid changes as it passes
through the exchangers and hence, the temperature of the dividing wall between the fluids, also changes along the
length of the exchanger. Heat exchangers are designed to deliver a certain heat transfer rate, for a certain specified
condition of flow rates and temperatures. Shell and tube heat exchangers are used, when a process requires large
amounts of fluid to be heated or cooled, is suited for higher – pressure applications. There are many different types
or designs of shell and tube heat exchangers, to meet various process requirements. Shell and tube heat exchangers
come in two (2) and four (4) pass models standard, and multi-pass custom models. Shell and tube heat exchangers
use baffles on the shell side fluid, to accomplished mixing or turbulence. Without the use of baffles, the fluid can
become stagnant in certain parts of the shell. A comprehensive treatment of heat exchanger design, would involve
many factors besides the heat transfer analysis like size, weight, structural length, pressure drop and cost, which is
beyond our scope. The rate heat leaves a surface, as a function of temperature difference between the surface and
Original Article
International Journal of Mechanical and Production
Engineering Research and Development (IJMPERD)
ISSN (P): 2249-6890; ISSN (E): 2249-8001
Vol. 7, Issue 5, Oct 2017, 191-198
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