The Impact of Political Theory
John Dunn
University of Cambridge
Any systematic understanding of politics requires theory: an organised, if not necessarily self-conscious way of
seeing and thinking about it. The point of studying and teaching about politics in universities is educational: to help
others to understand it better and bring that understanding into their own lives and the lives of the communities
to which they belong. Political theorists have a distinctive responsibility to recognise this and show those they teach
and those with whom they work how to generate and organise better understanding of why politics is as it is and
what it means for everyone’s life. The competitive rating of performance to secure university funding deploys
criteria that are intellectually absurd, politically disgraceful or deeply corrupting of intellectual and educational
purpose. Whatever else they have managed to add to political understanding by their own work, every academically
employed political theorist ought at least to have shown those they teach unmistakably why that is so.
Keywords: political theory; realism; impact; political education; global political thought
It is hard to imagine anyone consigning a life to studying political theory unless they
hoped not merely to enhance their own understanding of political life, but also to affect
in some measure how others understand politics too. It would barely be decent to
consign a life to teaching others about politics unless you hope to enhance the way they
understand it in their turn. What is necessarily forlorn and foolish is to dream of affecting
them only as you yourself would welcome, with the full wisdom of hindsight, and if
necessary from beyond the grave. (There is indeed some degree of wish-fulfilment even
in the hope of affecting yourself principally in ways you would prospectively or
retrospectively welcome.) Politics is a peculiarly unsuitable subject matter to select for
study if you hope to affect other people only in ways you happen to like. This is so
because of its profound ontological elusiveness, its formidable recalcitrance to reasonably
edifying purpose, its immense practical importance in shaping the conditions of human
existence, and its sometimes treacherous response to the hopes which human beings
endlessly feed into it (Dunn, 2000). On the other hand, no one could sanely settle down
to trying to affect others, however gratifying their own gains in understanding might
prove, in ways they would deeply regret.
One element of what political theorists study is at first sight encouragingly determi-
nate. Almost all of them study principally what other figures now conceived as political
theorists have said in the past, or what their contemporary professional colleagues are
currently in the habit of saying. This is as ontologically determinate as political subject
matters come: just words in a particular language or languages arranged in a given order,
and in the second case well within comfortably parochial view and all too distinct
hearing. But even it destabilises quite rapidly as a subject matter when you ask what it
really means or what the persons who have written it meant, or what those who are now
apt to say it mean to convey when they do (Dunn, 1969; 2011). Human beings can do
a lot of different things with words (Austin, 1962) and it is idle to expect their repertoires
POLITICAL STUDIES REVIEW: 2015 VOL 13, 494–499
doi: 10.1111/1478-9302.12096
© 2015 The Author. Political Studies Review © 2015 Political Studies Association