Shmile, Sharma Pankaj, Jain Puneet, International Journal of Advance Research, Ideas and Innovations in Technology. © 2017, www.IJARIIT.com All Rights Reserved Page | 1439 ISSN: 2454-132X Impact factor: 4.295 (Volume 3, Issue 6) Available online at www.ijariit.com The Multiband Patch Antenna with Square and Hexagonal Shape for Different Wireless Applications Shmile Adesh Institute of Engineering and Technology, Faridkot, Punjab mongashmile@gmail.com Pankaj Sharma Adesh Institute of Engineering and Technology, Faridkot, Punjab Er.pankajsharma85@gmail.com Puneet Jain Adesh Institute of Engineering and Technology, Faridkot, Punjab puneetjain988@gmail.com Abstract: Fractal geometry involves a recursive generating methodology those results in the figure with infinitely convoluted fine structures. They do not use additional loading components and are simple and cost-effective to fabricate. They can be mounted to constraining form factors, such as the casing of hand-held transceivers. In this paper, a fractal antenna is designed with Square and Hexagonal shape and operating between 4-7 GHz. The proposed antenna with the rectangular ground plane is modelled and simulated with Finite Element Method (FEM) based High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) and an improvement in performance parameters (Return loss, Bandwidth (BW) and VSWR) is observed with change in design parameters. Fractal antennas prove worthwhile, high performance, resonant antennas for many practical applications. It is usually fabricated as or on small circuit boards, they allow new versatility in their use with wireless devices. Keywords: Fractal, Patch Antenna, Bandwidth. I. INTRODUCTION The term FRACTAL, that which mean wrecked or asymmetrical fragments. The development of the fractal geometry originally inspired from the pattern of nature. It is widely used in many streams of science and complex shapes found in nature such as trees, stars, and mountains etc [2]. There are several advantages of using fractal geometries in antenna design. First of all, it can reduce the size of the antenna, which makes it a good candidate for miniature antenna design. Basically, fractal geometries are self-filling structures that can be scaled without increasing the overall size [3]. Fractals can be used in two ways to enhance antenna designs. The first method is in the design of miniaturized antenna elements. These can lead to antenna elements which are more discrete for the end user. The second method is to use the self-similarity which provides flexibility in antenna by reducing the antenna size in horizontal and vertical direction. This would allow the operator to incorporate several aspects of their system into one antenna [4]. IFS also play an important role in the specification of fractal. Iterated mathematical process formed the shape of a fractal. So, the shape of a fractal is made up of overlapping smaller copies of itself, each copy is changed by IFS system. Such Fractal can be obtained by using computer graphics require particular mapping that is replicated over and over recursive algorithm. The best example is Sierpinski Gasket which is also known as Sierpinski triangle [5]. Benoit Mandelbrot described the term ‘FRACTAL ‘and he has described the relationship between fractal and nature using discovery made by Ga ston Julia and Pierre Fatuous [6]. Its Latin name is fractus means ‘broken’: some of the parts have the same shape as the whole object but on a different scale [7]. This type of geometry became more popular in 1990. With the help of this geometry we can designed the multiband antennas as well as new dimension of antenna array. Fractal antenna has been become more popular because of its attractive features such as better input impedance matching, reduced mutual coupling in fractal array antenna, miniaturization and frequency independent [8]. Application of fractals to antenna design has proved to be a benefit to wireless communication system. Studies in this field proved that fractals result in high bandwidth, good gain and improved radiation pattern as compared to traditional antennas [9]. Fractal antenna has different structures like sierpinski gasket, sierpinski carpet, minikowski fractal antenna, and fractal tree antennas etc. If we conclude that certain electrical properties of an antenna are directly a function of certain physical properties of the antenna, then we must also conclude that significantly modifying these physical properties must significantly modify the antenna’s electrical