Ɋɚɡɭɦɨɜ ȿɝɨɪ Ⱥɥɟɤɫɚɧɞɪɨɜɢɱ, ɚɫɩɢɪɚɧɬ ɂɧɫɬɢɬɭɬ ɢɫɬɨɪɢɢ, ɚɪɯɟɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɢ ɷɬɧɨɝɪɚɮɢɢ ɧɚɪɨɞɨɜ Ⱦɚɥɶɧɟɝɨ ȼɨɫɬɨɤɚ ȾȼɈ ɊȺɇ razumov.egor@gmail.com ɄɂȻȿɊɋɍȼȿɊȿɇɂɌȿɌ ɄȺɄ ȺɋɉȿɄɌ ɋɂɋɌȿɆɕ ɇȺɐɂɈɇȺɅɖɇɈɃ ȻȿɁɈɉȺɋɇɈɋɌɂ ɄɇɊ ɍȾɄ 94 + 327 Ⱥɧɧɨɬɚɰɢɹ: Ⱥɜɬɨɪɨɦ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɵ ɚɦɟɪɢɤɚɧɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɤɢɬɚɣɫɤɢɯ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɤɢɛɟɪɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɥɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹ «ɤɢɛɟɪ- ɫɭɜɟɪɟɧɢɬɟɬ» ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ Ʉɢɬɚɹ. Кɥɸɱɟɜɵɟ ɫɥɨɜɚ ɢ ɮɪɚɡɵ: ɤɢɛɟɪɫɭɜɟɪɟɧɢɬɟɬ, Ʉɢɬɚɣ, ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɚɹ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ, ɧɚ- ɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ. Egor Razumov, post-graduate student The Institute of History, Archaeology and Ethnography of the Peoples of the Far East FEB RAS razumov.egor@gmail.com CYBERSOVEREIGNTY AS AN ASPECT OF PRC NATIONAL SECURITY SYSTEM Absract. The article examines the basic theoretical approaches of American and Chinese research- ers in the field of cybersecurity in order to define the term c ‘cybersovereignty‟ ТЧ ЭСО sвsЭОЦ ШП CСi- nese national security. Key words and phrases: cybersovereignty, China, informational security, national security. ȼ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɟ ɞɜɚ ɞɟɫɹɬɢɥɟɬɢɹ ɪɨɥɶ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɣ ɜ ɠɢɡɧɢ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɪɟɡ- ɤɨ ɜɨɡɪɨɫɥɚ. ȼɦɟɫɬɟ ɫ ɬɟɦ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɩɨɫɬɟ- ɩɟɧɧɨ ɜɤɥɸɱɢɥɫɹ ɧɨɜɵɣ ɚɫɩɟɤɬ – ɤɢɛɟɪɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ. Ȼɭɞɭɱɢ ɤɪɭɩɧɨɣ ɞɟɪɠɚɜɨɣ, Ʉɢɬɚɣɫɤɨɣ ɇɚɪɨɞɧɨɣ Ɋɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤɟ ɠɢɡɧɟɧɧɨ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɫɜɨɢɯ ɰɢɮɪɨɜɵɯ ɢ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ. Ɍɟɩɟɪɶ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɥɧɨɰɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɦɨɳɧɵɣ ɮɥɨɬ ɢ ɚɪɦɢɸ. ɍɦɟɧɢɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɢɦɟɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɵ ɞɥɹ ɫɜɨɢɯ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɤ ɫɬɪɚɬɟ- ɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭ ɞɨɦɢɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɧɚɞ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɧɢɤɨɦ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɮɥɢɤ- ɬɚ ɜ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɫɮɟɪɟ. ɉɨɞɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɟ- ɪɟɯɨɞɢɬ ɜ ɪɚɡɞɟɥ ɩɟɪɜɨɫɬɟɩɟɧɧɵɯ, ɚ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɦɟɪ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜ ɜ ɫɟɬɢ ɂɧɬɟɪɧɟɬ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɞɧɢɦ ɢɡ ɤɥɸɱɟɜɵɯ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɝɨɫɭ- ɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɢ ɄɇɊ. Ɉɬ ɬɨɝɨ, ɤɚɤ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦ ɩɪɚɜɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨɦ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɜɨɫɩɪɢɧɢ- ɦɚɬɶɫɹ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɭɝɪɨɡ, ɜ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɦ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɡɚɜɢɫɟɬɶ ɜɨɫɩɪɢɹɬɢɟ ɤɢɬɚɣɰɚ- ɦɢ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɚ «ɤɢɛɟɪɫɭɜɟɪɟɧɢɬɟɬ». ɌȿɈɊȿɌɂɑȿɋɄɂȿ ɉɈȾɏɈȾɕ Ʉ ɈɉɊȿȾȿɅȿɇɂɘ ɄɂȻȿɊɋɍȼȿɊȿɇɂɌȿɌȺ Ⱦɥɹ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɢɹ ɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɨɜ ɤ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɸ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹ «ɤɢɛɟɪɫɭɜɟɪɟɧɢɬɟɬ» ɚɜɬɨɪ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɬɚɬɶɢ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɚɦɟɪɢɤɚɧɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɤɢɬɚɣɫɤɢɯ ɭɱɺɧɵɯ. Ɋɚɡɥɢɱɢɹ ɜ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɚɯ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɵ ɞɚɥɟɟ. ȼ ɚɦɟɪɢɤɚɧɫɤɢɯ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɚɯ ɤ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɸ ɫɭɜɟɪɟɧɢɬɟɬɚ ɥɸɛɨɝɨ ɚɤɬɨɪɚ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞ- ɧɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɦ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɟ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɟɺ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɟ: ɫɭɜɟɪɟɧɢɬɟɬ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɨ ɜɡɹɬɨɝɨ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ. ɉɨɞ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɫɭɜɟɪɟɧɢɬɟɬɚ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɶ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɜɟɫɬɢ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶ ɧɚɞ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɥɸɞɟɣ ɧɚ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ ɫɜɨɟɣ ɫɬɪɚɧɵ. ȼ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧ- ɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɚ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɟ ɫɭɜɟɪɟɧɢɬɟɬ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɬ ɪɚɫɩɥɵɜɱɚɬɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ, ɩɨɬɨɦɭ ɱɬɨ ɝɪɚ-