Improvement of Strength of Expansive soil with waste Granulated Blast
Furnace Slag
Anil Kumar Sharma
1
and P.V. Sivapullaiah
2
1
Research Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Science,
Bangalore-560012, Karnataka, India; PH (+91) 9535145760; email:
ceanil@gmail.com .
2
Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-
560012, Karnataka, India; PH (+91)-80-22932672; email: siva@civil.iisc.ernet.in
ABSTRACT
Utilization of industrial waste materials in the improvement of problematic soils is a
cost efficient and also environmental friendly method in the sense that it helps in
reducing disposal problems caused by the various industrial wastes. The main
objective of the present study is to improve various engineering properties of the soil
by using waste material Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) as an
alternative to lime or cement, so as to make it capable of taking more loads from the
foundation structures. This paper reports the findings of laboratory tests carried out
on local Indian expansive black cotton soil with GGBS mixed with the expansive soil
in different proportions. The specimens compacted to their respective Proctor’s
optimum moisture content and dry density (which varied from mixture to mixture)
were cured for a period of 7, 14 and 28 days and their unconfined compression
strengths were determined. It is observed that the strength improvement depends on
the amount of GGBS used and the effect of curing period is less pronounced. Further
it was shown that the initial tangent modulus values generally increases with increase
in GGBS content.
INTRODUCTION
Expansive soils cause major damage to property. These soils contain mineral such as
montmorillonite clays that is capable of absorbing water. When they absorb water
they increase in volume. The more water they absorb the more their volume
increases. This change in volume can exert enough force on a building, sidewalks,
driveways, basement floors, pipelines and even foundations to cause damage. These
distress problems have resulted in loss of billions of dollars in repairs and
rehabilitation (Nelson and Miller 1992).While mechanical compaction, dewatering
and earth reinforcement can improve the strength of the soils, other methods like
stabilization using admixtures are more advantageous. Various admixtures available
are lime, cement, fly ash, blast furnace slag etc. Cement and lime stabilization have
been widely used to improve the strength of the expansive soils (Yong et al. 1996; Du
et al. 1999). But cement and lime being costlier these days increase the overall cost of
the project. Therefore research has concentrated on reducing the cost of the binders.
Another issue that the world is facing today is the disposal of industrials wastes like
Fly ash, Ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS). There is a great need to utilize
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