International Journal of Livestock Research ISSN 2277-1964 ONLINE Vol 4 (1) Jan’14 Hosted@www.ijlr.org/index.php/ijlr Page81 Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern in Swine Colibacillosis under Farm and Field Condition in Nagaland Sonuwara Begum, Manas Kumar Patra * , Lily Ngullie, Ebibeni Ngullie and R.K. Das ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Nagaland Centre, Jharnapani, Medziphema, Nagaland – 797 106 *Corresponding Author: drmanas01@gmail.com Rec. Date: Sep 04, 2013 03:02, Accepted Date: Oct 06, 2013 00:11 Abstract A study was conducted to elucidate the antimicrobial resistance pattern in swine colibacillosis in organized farm and field condition in Nagaland. Faecal samples were collected from 80 pigs with symptoms of diarrhoea, comprising of 50 samples from organized farm under ICAR research Complex, Nagaland Centre, Jharnapani and another 30 samples from four different villages in Dimapur district, Nagaland. Escherichia coli isolates were cultured in selective bacteriological media (MacConkey lactose agar plate) and the antimicrobial sensitivity pattern of each isolates was evaluated against 14 different anti-microbial agents following standard method. Antimicrobial agents like enrofloxacin, ceftriaxone, norfloxacin and cefotaxime were found to be highly sensitive (>80%), and furazolidone, cloxacillin and oxytetracycline were appeared as resistant (100%) to E. coli isolates under farm condition. On the other hand, in field condition enrofloxacin, ceftriaxone and ofloxacin were found to be sensitive in ≥70 per cent isolates and only three antimicrobial agents, cloxacillin, oxytetracycline, and trimethoprim showed resistance to ≥60 per cent isolates. Keywords: Awareness Escherichia coli, antimicrobial agents, resistance pattern, pig Introduction Piglet diarrhoea is one of the major causes of postnatal death in piglets that affects economy of swine industry in India and abroad. Neonatal diarrhoea (scouring) occurs in piglets aged 0-4 days and can begin within 12 hours of birth. About 50% cases of neonatal diarrhoea were ascribed to be due to Escherichia coli (Tripathi and Soni 1984). In North Eastern region of India (Sikdar 1991) observed that the main etiological agent of piglet diarrhoea was E. coli (51.95%). Several researchers also observed the E. coli as predominant bacteria associated with diarrhoea (Borah 1994; Lim et al 2007; Dutta et al 2010). Martins et al (2001) reported that E. coli is also prevalent in non-diarrhoeic piglets (42.8%) in three states of Brazil as compared to diarrhoeic sample (65.7%). The organism typically colonizes in the infant gastrointestinal tract within hours of life and thereafter, both E. coli and the host derive mutual benefit. However, the pathogenic Escherichia coli infection causes neonatal septicemia, diarrhoea, meningitis and urinary tract infection in different mammals and birds. Several classes of diarrhoea causing E. coli are now