IJESR Volume 3, Issue 3 ISSN: 2347-6532
__________________________________________________________
A Monthly Double-Blind Peer Reviewed Refereed Open Access International e-Journal - Included in the International Serial Directories
Indexed & Listed at: Ulrich's Periodicals Directory ©, U.S.A., Open J-Gage as well as in Caďell’s DireĐtories of Puďlishing Opportunities, U.S.A.
International Journal of Engineering & Scientific Research
http://www.ijmra.us
1
March
2015
Empirical Modeling and Optimization of
Clay-Catalysed Esterification using Response
Surface Methodology
Kamen, F.L.
*
Igbokwe, P.K
**
Nwakaudu, M.S
*
Ndukwe, O.C.
*
Abstract
The clay-catalysed esterification reaction between acetic acid and ethanol was modeled using
Box-Behnken Response Surface Methodology (RSM) design. The reaction was catalysed by
acid-treated montmorillonite clay from Udi stream in Enugu State of Nigeria. The input variables
modeled were the catalyst weight, reaction temperature and reactants mole ratio while the output
variable was the percentage conversion of acetic acid. The RSM result showed that the
temperature of the reaction had the highest effect with coefficient of 15.611, followed by the
reactants mole ratio with coefficient of 9.895 and then the catalyst weight with coefficient of
3.674. The RSM model was statistically tested and found to be adequate and accurate in
describing the reaction in the domain of the specified variables. Optimization of the model was
achieved using the Constrained Optimizer of MATLAB software. The model optimization
predicated maximum conversion of 88.12% while the experimental validation obtained
maximum conversion of 86.11%. These are in good agreement, thus validating the model.
Key Words: Clay catalyst, esterification, empirical modeling, optimization.
*
Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria.
**
Department of Chemical Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria.