Abstractイ&ULVLV PDQDJHPHQW VWUDWHJLHV FRXOG EH IRXQG LQ
YDULRXV FXUULFXOXPV QRW RQO\ LQ VFKRROV RI EXVLQHVV EXW DOVR VFKRROV
RI FRPPXQLFDWLRQ <RXQJ VWXGHQWV VXFK DV IUHVKPHQ DQG
VRSKRPRUHV RI XQGHUJUDGXDWH VFKRROV PD\ QRW FDUH DERXW OHDUQLQJ
FULVLV PDQDJHPHQW VWUDWHJLHV 0RUHRYHU FULVLV PDQDJHPHQW VWUDWHJLHV
DUH QRW D WRSLF DUW VWXGHQWV DUH IDPLOLDU ZLWK 7KH FXUUHQW SDSHU
GLVFXVVHV D ZD\ WR DGDSW HQWHUWDLQPHQW PHGLD LQWR D FULVLV
PDQDJHPHQW OHVVRQ DQG WKH LPSRUWDQFH RI OHDUQLQJ FULVLV
PDQDJHPHQW VWUDWHJLHV LQ WKH VFKRRO RI DQLPDWLRQ 6WXGHQWV FRXOG
OHDUQ FULVLV PDQDJHPHQW VWUDWHJLHV E\ ZDWFKLQJ PRYLHV ZLWK FRQWHQW
DERXW D FULVLV DQG UHVSRQGLQJ WR FULVLV UHVSRQGLQJ 7KH VWXGHQWV
VKRXOG WKHQ SDUWLFLSDWH LQ IROORZ XS GLVFXVVLRQV UHODWHG WR WKH
VWUDWHJLHV WKDW ZHUH XVHG WR DGGUHVV WKH FULVLV DV ZHOO DV WKHLU VXFFHVV
LQ VROYLQJ WKH FULVLV
Keywordsイ6LWXDWLRQDO FULVLV FRPPXQLFDWLRQ WKHRU\ FULVLV
UHVSRQVH VWUDWHJLHV PHGLD HIIHFW XQLQWHQWLRQDO HIIHFW
, ,1752'8&7,21
5,6,6 PDQDJHPHQW VWUDWHJLHV KDYH EHHQ GHYHORSHG DQG
FRQWULEXWHG WR E\ YDULRXV VFKRODUV VXFK DV &RRPEV >@
9HQHWWH >@ /HUELQJHU >@ 8OPHU 6HOOQRZ DQG 6HHJHU >@
0DQ\ FRPSDQLHV KDYH XVHG WKHVH VWUDWHJLHV WR JXLGH WKH
RUJDQL]DWLRQ WKURXJK D FULVLV 7KH H[DPSOHV RI WKHVH
RUJDQL]DWLRQV DUH D IRRG SURGXFWLRQ FRPSDQ\ >@ ILQDQFLDO
LQVWLWXWH VFKRRO >@ DQG DOVR D PHGLD RUJDQL]DWLRQ >@ 7KHVH
RUJDQL]DWLRQV RIWHQ WDNH WKH LQFRUUHFW DFWLRQ WR KDQGOH WKH
FULVLV $OWKRXJK LQ PRVW FDVHV WKH RUJDQL]DWLRQ ZDV FDSDEOH RI
OHDGLQJ LWVHOI RXW RI WKH FULVLV +RZHYHU WKH\ PLJKW XVH
XQVXLWDEOH PHWKRG LQ WKH EHJLQQLQJ RI FULVLV PDQDJHPHQW DQG
XVH WKH ULJKW PHWKRG ODWHU ,I WKH RUJDQL]DWLRQ XQGHUVWRRG
FULVLV PDQDJHPHQW VWUDWHJLHV ZHOO WKH\ VKRXOG KDYH D EHWWHU
PDQDJHPHQW 7KH UHVXOW RI DQ DSSURSULDWH PHWKRG IRU FULVLV
PDQDJHPHQW ZLOO FUHDWH D EHWWHU RXWFRPH IRU WKHLU
VWDNHKROGHUV
3HRSOH FDQ OHDUQ FULVLV PDQDJHPHQW IURP YDULRXV VRXUFHV
0RVW HQWUHSUHQHXUV RU WRSOHYHO PDQDJHUV RI ODUJH
RUJDQL]DWLRQV PD\ KDYH VWXGLHG FULVLV PDQDJHPHQW DW JUDGXDWH
VFKRROV +RZHYHU WKHUH DUH PDQ\ VPDOO DQG PHGLXPVL]HG
HQWHUSULVHV 60( KHDGHG E\ HQWUHSUHQHXUV ZKR PLJKW QRW
KDYH JRQZ WR FROOHJH WR OHDUQ FULVLV PDQDJHPHQW $V D UHVXOW
LI WKH\ GR QRW OHDUQ FULVLV PDQDJHPHQW IURP RWKHU VRXUFHV VXFK
DV WKH OLEUDU\ VRPH HGXFDWLRQDO ZHEVLWHV HWF WKH\ PD\ QRW
KDYH DQ\ RWKHU RSSRUWXQLWLHV WR OHDUQ FULVLV PDQDJHPHQW
,W ZDV NQRZQ WKDW SHRSOH DUH LQIOXHQFHG E\ PHGLD DQG RQH
RI PRVW SRSXODU IRUPV LV WKH PRYLH RU ILOP DQG ER[ RIILFH
3 $UXQUDQJVLZHG LV ZLWK )DFXOW\ RI 0DQDJHPHQW 6FLHQFH 6XDQ 6XQDQGKD
5DMDEKDW 8QLYHUVLW\ %DQJNRN 7KDLODQG HPDLO SDUXQUDQ#Q\LWHGX
SURXGDU#VVUXDFWK ZHEVLWH KWWSVZHGHQQHW
UHYHQXHV RI KLJKO\ SRSXODU PRYLHV RIWHQ H[FHHGV PRUH WKDQ
PLOOLRQ GROODUV >@ $XGLHQFHV DURXQG WKH ZRUOG KDYH
FHUWDLQO\ EHHQ LQIOXHQFHG E\ WKHVH PRYLHV 6FKRODUV VKRXOG
ILQG VWUDWHJLHV WR HGXFDWH WKH PRYLH PDNHUV WR DSSURSULDWHO\
SRUWUD\ FULVLV PDQDJHPHQW VWUDWHJLHV )ROORZLQJ WKLV VWDJH
VFKRODUV VKRXOG EHJLQ WKH FULVLV PDQDJHPHQW OHVVRQ LQ WKH
FODVVURRP 7KLV OHVVRQ VKRXOG EH XVHG LQ WKH HGXFDWLRQ RI
WKRVH ZKR ZLOO JURZ XS WR ZRUN LQ ILOP LQGXVWU\ VXFK DV
DQLPDWLRQ VWXGHQWV ILOP VWXGHQWV DQG WHOHYLVLRQ DQG
EURDGFDVWLQJ VWXGHQWV 7KLV SDSHU GLVFXVVHV WKH LGHD RI PHGLD
EDVHG OHDUQLQJ DQG PHGLD LQIOXHQFHV 7KH ILQGLQJV KHOS WR
VXSSRUW WKH DVSHFW RI WHDFKLQJ FULVLV PDQDJHPHQW LQ PHGLD
UHODWHG FODVVURRPV 7KH LQVWUXFWRUV VKRXOG XQGHUVWDQG WKH
LPSRUWDQFH RI D VXLWDEOH WHDFKLQJ VWUDWHJ\ IRU FULVLV
PDQDJHPHQW OHVVRQV LQ PHGLD DUW DQG FRPPXQLFDWLRQ DUW
VWXGHQWV
,,0(',$ ())(&7
3HRSOH OHDUQ IURP PHGLD DQG WKH\ DUH LQIOXHQFHG E\ PHGLD
ERWK LQWHQWLRQDOO\ DQG XQLQWHQWLRQDOO\ )RU ERWK FDVHV WKH\
FRXOG OHDUQ WKH SK\VLFDO EHKDYLRUV DQG WKH HPRWLRQDO WUDLWV
IURP PHGLD 7KH RXWFRPH RI WKH LQIOXHQFH RI PHGLD PD\ EH
SRVLWLYH RU QHJDWLYH GHSHQGLQJ RQ ZKDW WKH PHGLD SUHVHQWV
7KLV SDSHU SURYLGHV H[DPSOHV RI ERWK KRZ SHRSOH
LQWHQWLRQDOO\ DQG XQLQWHQWLRQDOO\ OHDUQ IURP WKH PHGLD
2QH RI WKH UHDVRQV WKDW EXVLQHVVHV RU RUJDQL]DWLRQV FKRRVH
WR XVH SURGXFW HQGRUVHUV LQ WKHLU DGYHUWLVLQJ LV WKDW IDQV RI
SURGXFW HQGRUVHU ZRXOG EX\ WKH PHUFKDQGLVH UHODWHG WR WKHLU
IDYRULWH LGRO >@ 7KLV HIIHFW GRHV QRW RFFXU RQO\ ZLWK WKH
DFWXDO FHOHEULW\ EXW WKH ILFWLRQDO FDUWRRQ FKDUDFWHUV FRXOG
ZRUN LQ WKH VDPH ZD\ 6XSHUKHURHV IDQV DUH DOVR LQIOXHQFHG
E\ WKH TXRWHV DQG DFWLRQV RI WKHLU IDYRULWH VXSHUKHURHV >@ ,Q
VRPH QRQFRPPHUFLDO FDPSDLJQV VXSHUKHURHV DUH DOVR XVHG WR
SHUVXDGH DQG HPSRZHU SHRSOH >@ 6RPH LPLWDWLRQ FRXOG
EHQHILW IDQV RU PHGLD DXGLHQFHV ERWK GLUHFWO\ DQG LQGLUHFWO\
*XLWDU +HUR JDPH SOD\HUV ZDQW WR EH UHDO JXLWDULVWV >@
VLPLODU WR URFN RU KHDY\ PHWDO PXVLF IDQV ZKR SUDFWLFH JXLWDU
VNLOOV EHFDXVH WKH\ ZDQW WR EH URFN VWDUV >@ 5RFN IDQV GR
QRW RQO\ JDLQ WKH VNLOOV RQ PXVLFDO LQVWUXPHQWV EXW WKH\ DOVR
OLVWHQ WR URFN PXVLF WR HVFDSH IURP VWUHVV LQ ZRUNSODFH DQG
VFKRRO >@ ,Q WKH SXEOLF VSKHUH WKH\ PD\ ZHDU EODFN WVKLUWV
DV D ZD\ WR H[SUHVV WKHLU LGHQWLW\ DQG PDNH WKHP IHHO PRUH
FRQILGHQW >@
7KH IDQVカ SUDFWLFHV WKDW ZHUH VKRZQ SUHYLRXVO\ DUH RQHZD\
FRPPXQLFDWLRQ IURP HQWHUWDLQPHQW PHGLD WR IDQV 7KHUH LV
DQRWKHU W\SH RI IDQ RU PHGLD IROORZHU ZKR UHSURGXFHV WKH
PHGLD DIWHU WKH RULJLQDO PHGLD DQG WKH\ DUH FDOOHG IDQ
FUHDWRUV >@ )DQ DUWLVWV DUH D NLQG RI IDQ FUHDWRUV DQG WKH\
7HDFKLQJ 0HWKRG LQ 6LWXDWLRQDO &ULVLV
&RPPXQLFDWLRQ 7KHRU\ $ /LWHUDWXUH 5HYLHZ
3URXG $UXQUDQJVLZHG
&
World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology
International Journal of Social, Behavioral, Educational, Economic, Business and Industrial Engineering Vol:10, No:8, 2016
2702 International Scholarly and Scientific Research & Innovation 10(8) 2016 scholar.waset.org/1999.10/10005257
International Science Index, Economics and Management Engineering Vol:10, No:8, 2016 waset.org/Publication/10005257