Medical Journal of Dr. D.Y. Patil University | May-June 2015 | Vol 8 | Issue 3 337 Address for correspondence: Dr. Ajeet Kumar Khilnani, GMERS Medical College and Hospital, Dharpur, Patan, Gujarat, India. E-mail: ajeetkhilnani@gmail.com Nonsyndromic oligodontia: A rare case report Mayank Chaturvedi, Jigar Thakkar, Rekha Thaddanee 1 , Ajeet Kumar Khilnani 2 Departments of Dentistry, 1 Pediatrics, 2 ENT, GMERS Medical College and Hospital, Dharpur, Patan, Gujarat, India ABSTRACT Dental agenesis is the most common developmental anomaly in humans, which can be either in the form of anodontia, oligodontia, or hypodontia. Oligodontia can occur either as an isolated inding or as part of a syndrome. Nonsyndromic oligodontia is rare. Management requires integrated multidisciplinary approach. Prompt intervention improves quality of life. Here, we report a case of isolated, nonsyndromic oligodontia in a 13-year-old female who allegedly had complete set of primary teeth but failed to develop complete permanent dentition. No other clinical feature, except oligodontia, was present that could suggest any syndromic association. Keywords: Anodontia, dental agenesis, hypodontia, oligodontia Access this article online Quick Response Code: Website: www.mjdrdypu.org DOI: 10.4103/0975-2870.157079 Case Report Introduction Oligodontia refers to a condition where more than ive permanent teeth are missing, excluding third molars or wisdom teeth. Usually oligodontia is a part of a syndrome called ectodermal dysplasia, where other skin appendages such as nails, teeth, and skin are also affected. 150 variants of ectodermal dysplasia are known. [1] Nonsyndromic oligodontia is a rare occurrence, and very few cases are reported in the literature. One missing teeth is the most common anomaly of tooth agenesis, seen in 80% of total cases, 1-5 missing teeth is seen in <10% of cases while more than 5 missing teeth is seen in <1% cases. [2] Diagnosis is based on history, clinical examination and radiology. Orthopantomograph and lateral skull radiograph are useful to view the development of primary and permanent tooth buds and jaw bones. A multidisciplinary approach is required for complete oral rehabilitation, which includes orthodontic treatment, surgical intervention, prosthodontic rehabilitation and psychological counseling. Case Report A 13-year-old female patient visited the Department of Dentistry with the complaints of missing teeth and inability to chew. She was born with low birth weight and had two elder sisters which had no similar or any other complaints. Patient gave the history of early shedding of her primary teeth without the eruption of permanent teeth. Intraoral examination revealed few discolored retained deciduous teeth and one permanent canine and reduced alveolar ridge height [Figure 1]. Extra-oral examination revealed concave facial proile with hypoplastic maxilla and relative prognathic mandible [Figure 2]. Orthopantomograph showed presence of two permanent maxillary molars present on both sides and one canine (23) and few deciduous teeth (52, 53, 62 and 71) [Figure 3]. Lateral skull radiograph revealed decreased alveolar height of maxilla and mandible and complete absence of rest of permanent teeth [Figure 4]. Figure 1: Intraoral view showing maxillary and mandibular teeth [Downloaded free from http://www.mjdrdypu.org on Friday, May 15, 2015, IP: 111.93.75.222]