Journal of Namibian Studies, 13 (2013): 33 – 54 ISSN 2197-5523 (online)
Copyright © 2013 Otjivanda Presse.Essen ISSN 1863-5954 (print) ISSN 2197-5523 (online)
Township tourism and the political spaces of Katutura
Laura Connoy and Suzan Ilcan*
Abstract
Contemporary postcolonial Namibia is experiencing an extension of the logic
of camp biopolitics that stems from its colonial era. In this paper, the authors
suggest that tourism is the conduit for this kind of development which takes
on different contemporary forms in postcolonial configurations of biopolitics.
In Namibia’s township of Katutura, the marginalised poor are subject to
mechanisms of camp biopolitics that supplement Agamben’s conceptu-
alisation of bare life. However, Agamben’s approach to biopolitics
ahistoricises and depoliticises space in ways that obfuscate the presence of a
political subject. The article first introduces a framework of colonialism, camp
biopolitics, and tourism which is then followed by an analysis of the practice
of township tourism, particularly in Katutura. The next section reveals
Katutura as a political space made up of active subjects who engage in
various contestations.
Colonialism, camp biopolitics, and tourism
Agamben’s conceptualisation of camp biopolitics is notorious and continues to provoke
great controversy. Agamben argues that the fragmentation of society produces an
indistinguishable grey zone between the inside and the outside, the social condition of
being neither completely excluded nor completely recognised.
1
This zone is referred to
as a zone of indistinction.
2
The camp is “the prototypical zone of indistinction”
3
where
* Laura Connoy is a PhD student in the Department of Sociology and Legal Studies at the University of
Waterloo in Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. E-mail: lconnoy@uwaterloo.ca ; Suzan Ilcan is Professor in the
Department of Sociology and Legal Studies at the University of Waterloo and the Balsillie School of
International Affairs. She is the recent editor of Mobilities, Knowledge, and Social Justice (2013, McGill-
Queen’s University Press [MQUP]) and co-author of Governing the Poor: Exercises of Poverty Reduction,
Practices of Global Aid (2011, MQUP, with Anita Lacey). Her recent publications are on issues of humani-
tarian and development aid, social justice and citizenship rights, and migration and mobilities. E-mail:
suzan.ilcan@uwaterloo.ca
1
Giorgio Agamben, Means without End: Notes on Politics, Minnesota, University of Minnesota Press, 2000:
40. Also see William Walters, “Acts of demonstration: mapping the territory of (non-)citizenship”, in: Engin
Isin and Greg Nielson, (eds.), Acts of Citizenship, London, Zed Books, 2008: 182-206 (186f.).
2
Giorgio Agamben, Homo Sacer: Sovereign Power and Bare Life, California, Stanford University Press,
1998.