44 Indian J. Fish., 64(4): 44-49, 2017 DOI: 10.21077/ijf.2017.64.4.35503-06 A new species of Parapsilorhynchus Hora, 1921 (Teleostei, Cyprinidae) from Mahanadi River basin of Odisha, India B. K. BALIARSINGH AND LAISHRAM KOSYGIN * ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, Odisha - 751 002, India * Zoological Survey of India, 27 J. L. Nehru Road, Kolkata - 700 016, West Bengal, India e-mail: bikram794u@yahoo.com ABSTRACT A new cyprinid ish, Parapsilorhynchus swaini sp. nov., is described based on specimens collected from a stream near Harisankar, Mahanadi River basin of Odisha, India. It difers from other species of the genus in having following combination of characters: elongated and slender body (depth at dorsal in origin 16.9-18.7% SL); narrow and slender head (width 60.0-68.7% HL, height at occiput 40.0-50.0% HL); narrow inter orbital space (46.6-50.0% HL); 33-34 lateral line scales; 3 simple pectoral in rays, poorly developed callous pad behind lower lip which is not delimited posteriorly, pectoral in longer than head length, presence of tubercles on snout and a black bar on the anal in. With the description of this new species, distributional range of the genus Parapsilorhynchus is extended further north in the Eastern Ghats to the Mahanadi River drainage of Odisha. Keywords: Cyprinidae, Mahanadi River basin, New species, Odisha, Parapsilorhynchus swaini Introduction The members of the genus Parapsilorhynchus Hora, 1921 (family Cyprinidae) are small-sized rheophilic ishes, which are distributed in hill streams of the Western and Eastern Ghats and the Satpura mountain ranges of India. Currently, the genus consists of ive valid species viz., Parapsilorhynchus tentaculatus (Annandale, 1919), P. discophorus Hora, 1921; P. prateri Hora & Misra, 1938; P. elongatus Singh, 1994 and P. odishaensis Baliarsingh, Kosygin & Swain, 2017. They are characterised by having two blunt rostral barbels on the snout, 2 to 3 simple pectoral in rays, upper lip concealed by a fringed rostral cap, which is covered with numerous papillae, prominent lower lip with a rudimentary disc or callous pad behind it, gill openings extending to the ventral surface and cyprinid type swim bladder. A recent ichthyological survey of the Mahanadi River basin in Odisha yielded ive specimens of an undescribed species of Parapsilorhynchus. These specimens are herein described as Parapsilorhynchus swaini sp. nov. Materials and methods Measurements were made on the left side of the specimens with digital calipers to the nearest 0.1 mm following Jayaram (1999). Fin rays and numbers of scales were counted under a stereozoom microscope. Morphometric data are expressed in percentages of standard length (SL) or head length (HL) or caudal peduncle length. Fin rays counts of dorsal, pectoral, pelvic and anal ins include simple and branched rays. The type specimens were deposited in the Zoological Survey of India (ZSI), Kolkata. Results Taxonomy Parapsilorhynchus swaini sp. nov. Baliarsingh & Kosygin Common name: Mahanadhi minnow Holotype: ZSI FF5057, 42 mm SL (Fig. 1, Table 1. 2), caught of a stream near Harisankar, Mahanadi River basin in Odisha, India, 20°51ʹ18.08ʺN; 82°51ʹ37.75ʺE, Coll. B. K. Baliarsingh, 17 August, 2013. Paratypes: ZSI FF 5058, 32-42 mm SL, 4 specimens, same data as holotype. Diagnosis Parapsilorhynchus swaini sp. nov. can be distinguished from other species of the genus by the following combination of characters: elongated and slender body (depth at dorsal in origin 16.9-18.7% SL); narrow and slender head (width 60.0-68.7% HL, height at occiput 40.0-50.0% HL); narrow inter orbital space (46.6-50.0% HL); 33-34 lateral line scales; 3 simple pectoral in rays, poorly developed callous pad behind lower lip which is not delimited posteriorly, pectoral in