International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 05 Issue: 02 | Feb-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1206 Trend of surface temperature in the Konkan region of Maharashtra S. H. Jedhe 1 , U. S. Kadam 2 , M. S. Mane 3 , D. M. Mahale 4 and S. B. Nandgude 5 1,2&,3 Dept. of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, CAET, DBSKKV, Dapoli, MH, India 4&5 Dept. of soil and water conservation Engineering, CAET, DBSKKV, Dapoli, MH, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - Change in climate have significant impact on Agriculture and water resources which affect the livelihood of millions of peoples especially along the coastal line such as Konkan region of Maharashtra state. Despite of study area having coastal line throughout the Konkan region surface temperature has varied from place to place even within the region. Assessment of temperature trend in the region is key component for water resource planning and management point of view. Konkan region of Maharashtra state extent from 15 0 ͼ’ N to ͸0 0 ͸͸’ N latitude and ͽ͸ 0 ͹Ϳ’ E to ͽ͹ 0 ͺ;’ E longitudes. In the present study, surface temperature data for selected study stations have been analyzed to detect trend. Study focus on the spatio-temporal trends of monthly minimum and maximum temperature in the Konkan region. Trend analysis has been exercised by using non-parametric Mann-Kendall test to assess nature of trend and magnitude of trend was estimated by using Sen’s slope test. Results of the analysis was also tested for 90, 95 and 99 per cent confidence level. Results revealed that monthly minimum and maximum temperature exhibited significant trends at more number of stations in the month of August and February, respectively. Minimum and maximum temperature in the region were affected significantly, which increased diurnal temperature range. Results also indicate that climatic suitability for mango and cashew crop is reducing in the region day by day due to significant variation in the minimum and maximum surface temperature. Key Words: Mann Kendall, Sen’s slope, Spatio-temporal, Trend, Temperature 1.INTRODUCTION Climate change is the shifting of climatic and meteorological parameters, while global warming or cooling, which refers the change of surface temperature at regional or national level. A number of studies were concentrated on impact assessment of climate change and variability on different components of hydrologic cycle. In the most recent studies, it is observed that significant warming in the second half of the 20th century resulted in a drastic change in the hydrology of an agricultural based country like India (IPCC, 2007). In India magnitude and trend of warming is matching with the global condition during the last century. Spatial and temporal pattern and variability of temperature over the region plays a vital role in modelling miscellaneous processes in hydrology, climatology, agriculture, environmental engineering, and forestry both at local and global levels (Anandhi et al., 2009; Tabari et al., 2011; Padmakumari et al., 2013). Among the various dominant atmospheric variables, temperature has a significant and direct effect on almost all hydrologic variables (Sonali and Kumar, 2013). The change in temperature more badly affects the rainfed agriculture and major part of Indian agriculture is comes under rainfed category. Rainfed agriculture dominates the food grain production chain of Konkan region during rainy season. Any abrupt change in surface temperature patterns poses a serious threat to food and environmental security of the entire region. Increase in the surface temperature results in increase in crop water requirement and decrease in its supply (Sonali and Kumar, 2013; Milly and Dunne, 2001). Increase in global surface temperature leads to drastic variation in hydrologic parameters such as evaporation and precipitation resulting in cumulative effect on river flow at basin, regional and country level (Zhang et al., 2001; Burn and Hag, 2002; Xiong and Shenglian, 2004; Padmakumari, et al., 2013). The effects of climate change specifically increase in minimum and maximum surface temperature of the region showed a significant impact on the production, productivity and quality of the mango (Alphanso), cashew and some dominant vegetable in the region (Datta, 2013). Water management practices may be less effective due to global warming and climate change, which widening gap between supply and demand. This indicates proper planning and management of water resource is crucial parameter (Jhajharia et al., 2015). Increasing surface temperature may have adverse effect on the human health also (Jhajharia and Singh, 2011). Crop stages changes from month to month and annual as well as seasonal assessment is not clear incites to know actual crop stage-wise situation. Therefore, in the present study monthly trends of surface minimum and maximum temperature was assessed. 1.1 Features of study area The Konkan region is coastal part of Maharashtra covering total geographical area of 3.09 Mha. The Konkan region lies between ͳͷͲ͸’ N to ʹͲͲʹʹ’ N latitude and ͹ʹͲ͵ͻ’ E to ͹͵ͲͶͺ’ E longitudes, falls under heavy rainfall and hilly region. The annual precipitation in the region ranges from 2500 mm to 4500 mm (Mandale et al., 2016). The ambient temperature varies between 13.50C and 38.50C and relative humidity varies from 55 per cent to 99 per cent in the region (Gaikwad, 2013). Geographical location, data availability and source of data for all study stations are presented in Table 1 and shown in the Figure 1.