Brand avoidance among
Generation Y consumers
Zana Knittel, Karolin Beurer and Adele Berndt
Jönköping International Business School, Jönköping University,
Jönköping, Sweden
Abstract
Purpose – The purpose of this research is to explore the reasons for brand avoidance among
Generation Y consumers. Researchers have traditionally focused on the positive relationship between
consumers and brands, but, increasingly, consumers are consciously avoiding brands.
Design/methodology/approach – A qualitative study consisting of both focus groups and
interviews was conducted among Generation Y participants.
Findings – The indings support previous research that identiies four types of brand avoidance,
namely, experiential, identity, moral and deicit-value avoidance. However, the study also suggests that
an additional type of brand avoidance, namely, advertising avoidance, also occurs. Aspects of
advertising that can contribute to brand avoidance include the content of the advertising, the use of a
celebrity endorser and the music in the advertising, as well as the response to the advertising. This
study thus proposes an expanded framework of brand avoidance.
Research limitations/implications – This study has found support for the existing types and
reasons impacting brand avoidance but suggests that advertising may also impact brand avoidance.
This is an aspect that requires further research.
Practical implications – For marketing managers, the indings suggest that not only can product
experiences result in brand avoidance, but that advertising may be a further reason for this
phenomenon.
Originality/value – While there has been a great deal of attention on the positive aspects of brands,
research on the negative aspects has largely been ignored. Further, the identiication of advertising as
a reason for brand avoidance is also suggested.
Keywords Advertising, Advertising avoidance, Brand avoidance, Moral avoidance
Paper type Research paper
1. Introduction
Brands and consumption are major characteristics of modern societies, as they appear in
all different aspects of our lives (Kapferer, 2012). Current branding research has
explored positive customer brand relationships such as brand love (Carroll and Ahuvia,
2006; Bergkvist and Bech-Larsen, 2010; Batra et al., 2012; Sarkar, 2014) and affection
(Tse and Chan, 2008) or emotional attachment (Grisaffe and Nguyen, 2011), which
consumers generally have with brands they use regularly, manifesting as customer
loyalty (Jaiswal and Niraj, 2011). But the negative aspects associated with brands are
equally important.
It has been stated that knowing what consumers do not want to consume is just as
important as knowing about what they do like (Hogg and Banister, 2001; Lee et al.,
2009a). Consequently, issues such as brand avoidance and brand hate have begun to
receive more attention (Lee et al., 2009b). Changes in social media have also made it
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Brand
avoidance
27
Received 12 March 2015
Revised 11 September 2015
Accepted 19 October 2015
Qualitative Market Research:
An International Journal
Vol. 19 No. 1, 2016
pp. 27-43
© Emerald Group Publishing Limited
1352-2752
DOI 10.1108/QMR-03-2015-0019