185 A Case Report: Organophosphate Insecticide Intoxication in a Family Aliasghar Manouchehri 1* , Reza Mohseni 2 , Tahereh Hejazian 2 1. Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran. 2. Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran. * Corresponding Author: Aliasghar Manouchehri, PhD Address: Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran. Tel: +98 (911) 3128920 E-mail: drmanouchehri@yahoo.com Louse is an external, obligate, blood-sucking parasite, which infects human societies. Improvements in health, economics, and social status of societies have reduced the parasitic lice infestation, however, it still is a global problem. Although it affects all age groups, school children are the most vulnerable age group. The high incidence of infection in children and their long-term close contacts transmit the infestation easily among them. In some parts of our country, organophosphate pesticides are widely used to control pests. Due to the ease of access to these toxins, poisoning with them are common and according to global statistics most deaths by pesticide are associated with organophosphate pesticides. Accordingly, we report 3 cases of a family from rural areas of Babol City. Upon being sprayed with an organophosphate solution, they developed severe organophosphate intoxication (OI) associated with central nervous system suppression. A B S T R A C T Article info: Received: 11 Jan. 2017 Accepted: 25 Apr. 2017 Keywords: Organophosphate, Intoxication, Pediculosis capitis Citation: Manouchehri A, Mohseni R, Hejazian T. Organophosphate Insecticide Intoxication in a Family; A Case Report. Interna- tional Journal of Medical Toxicology & Forensic Medicine. 2017; 7(3):185-188. https://doi.org/10.18869/nirp.ijmtfm.7.3.185 : https://doi.org/10.18869/nirp.ijmtfm.7.3.185 Use your device to scan and read the aricle online CrossMark 1. Introduction ediculosis capitis (head lice) is a global problem and contaminates all age groups, especially children [1]. The prevalence of infection with head lice has been 6% to 30% according to reports from different regions [2]. In this disease, blood of the infected person is sucked by lice several times a day, while insects’ saliva is repeatedly injected into the victim’s body. Therefore, its toxic effects on infected persons may cause fatigue, irritation, and feelings of laziness [3]. Drugs used to treat lice, contain permethrin. Sometimes shampoos containing lindane or malathion are used to treat resistant lice that must be prescribed by a physician [4]. The mortality rate due to organophosphorate poison- ing have been reported between 3% and 25%. The rate in Asia is estimated to be 5% to 30% [5]. More Organophos- phate (OP) insecticides poisoning occur by ingestion, skin contact, inhalation, and rarely through intramuscular or intravenous routes. OP compounds include chemicals that inhibit the enzyme acetylcholinesterase that leads to the accumulation of acetylcholine in the cholinergic synapses [6]. Herein, we report a couple of siblings and their mother who, upon topical exposure with an organo- P August 2017, Volume 7, Number 3