83 2018 1.01 Izvirni znanstveni članek UDK 316.334.54(497.4Idrija)''18/19'' Prejeto: 31. 7. 2017 Matevž Šlabnik univ. dipl. zgod. in um. zgod., Čekovnik 18, SI–5280 Idrija E-pošta: matevz.slabnik@gmail.com Peter Mikša dr., Oddelek za zgodovino, Filozofska fakulteta Univerze v Ljubljani, Aškerčeva 2, SI–1000 Ljubljana E-pošta: peter.miksa@f.uni-lj.si »V prhavz smo šli radi živet.« Pregled gradbene zgodovine in stanovanjske kulture v rudniških stanovanjskih blokih v Idriji IZVLEČEK S povečevanjem števila zaposlenih v idrijskem rudniku živega srebra v drugi polovici 19. stoletja se je med idrijskim delavstvom krepila stanovanjska stiska. Zasebna stanovanja v idrijskih rudarskih hišah so bila mnogokrat premajhna in zdravstveno neustrezna. K slabemu stanju so pripomogle tudi številne selitve rudarskih družin. To je rudniško ravnateljstvo napeljalo na misel o gradnji delavskih stanovanjskih blokov. T. i. prhavzi, ki jih je rudnik gradil med letoma 1872 in 1932, so delno pomagali rešiti pereči stanovanjski problem. Dobro grajeni stanovanjski bloki so številnim rudarskim družinam ponudili kvalitetnejši način bivanja, prispevali pa so tudi k boljši požarni varnosti. Notranja oprema se v zasebnem ali rudniškem stanovanju ni bistveno razlikovala. Delavci, nastanjeni v prhavzu, so bili v prednosti tudi zato, ker za razliko od zasebnih rudarskih hiš razen plačevanja najemnine drugih obveznosti niso imeli. Prhavzi še danes ostajajo živ del rudarske dediščine mesta Idrija, ki je priznanje prejela tudi na globalni ravni. KLJUČNE BESEDE Idrija, rudnik živega srebra, stavbna zgodovina, delavski stanovanjski bloki, prhavz ABSTRACT »WE LOOKED FORWARD TO LIVING IN PRHAVZ.« A SURVEY OF THE BUILDING HISTORY AND RESIDENTIAL CULTURE OF MINERS’ BLOCKS OF FLATS IN IDRIJA he growing number of employees at Idrija’s Mercury Mine during the second half of the nineteenth century aggravated the workers’ housing problem in the city. Private lats in the local miners’ homes often provided conditions of overcrowding and unsuitable sanitary facilities. he poor living conditions were also a result of frequent reset- tlements of miners’ families, until the mine management inally decided to build blocks of lats for the workers. he so-called prhavzi, which the mine constructed between 1872 and 1932, provided a partial solution to the pressing housing problem. Well-built blocks of lats provided sizable miners’ families with better living conditions as well as improved ire safety. he interior furnishings in miners’ homes did not difer signiicantly from those in private ones. he workers housed in prhavz were at an advantage also because, unlike the residents of private miners’ homes, they had no other obligations than paying the rent. To this day, prhavzi have remained a living part of the mining heri- tage of Idrija, which also earned its recognition on a global level. KEY WORDS Idrija, mercury mine, architectural history, workers’ blocks of lats, prhavz