Commentary: The Environmental Anthropology of Settler Colonialism, Part II Commentary: The Environmental Anthropology of Settler Colonialism, Part II *A commentary on Part II of our Engagement thematic series, Life on the Frontier . By Clint Carroll , University of Colorado Boulder § Settler colonial studies offers a set of analytical tools that can help make sense of environmental practices and politics—and their resulting effects on people, other-than-human animals, and landscapes. Understanding the environmental impacts of settler colonialism, while unique in its engagement with this relatively new toolset, is not an entirely new endeavor. Dakota scholar Vine Deloria, Jr. painstakingly analyzed both U.S. colonialism (see, e.g., Deloria and Lytle 1984; Deloria 1985 [1974]; Deloria and Wilkins 1999) and the philosophical rifts between settler and Indigenous views toward land and other-than-humans (Deloria 1999; 2003 [1973]; 2012 [1979]). Other work in environmental history has taken up the similar task of describing colonial and imperial impacts on the land (White 1983; Cronon 1983; Crosby 1986; Merchant 1989). This critical environmental history examined landscape changes caused by contrasting and conflicting environmental ideologies and their accompanying practices. More recent work by political ecologists stresses environmental production as a conceptual lens through which to view such processes (Robbins 2004: 209). And yet the analytic of settler colonialism—most often attributed to the groundbreaking work of Patrick Wolfe (but see also Kauanui 2016)—allows for new perspectives of environmental change and politics through the concepts of destruction/replacement, elimination, and the overall view of settler colonialism as a structure that continually replicates foreign ideologies in the service of settler control of land and the subjugation of Indigenous peoples (Wolfe 1999; 2006). Tracey Banivanua Mar and Penelope Edmonds nicely capture some of settler colonialism’s geopolitical manifestations: the impact of settler colonialism is starkly visible in the landscapes it produces: the symmetrically surveyed divisions of land; fences, roads, power lines, dams and mines; the vast mono-cultural expanses of single-cropped fields; carved and preserved national forest, and marine and wilderness parks; the expansive and gridded cities; and the socially coded areas of human habitation and trespass that are bordered, policed, and defended. Land and the organized spaces on it, in other words, narrate the stories of colonisation. (2010: 2) This picture points to how settler colonialism is entwined with the practices and logics of statecraft and capitalism, which Glen Coulthard and Nicholas Brown have taken up in their