American Journal of Rural Development, 2017, Vol. 5, No. 4, 117-120
Available online at http://pubs.sciepub.com/ajrd/5/4/5
©Science and Education Publishing
DOI:10.12691/ajrd-5-4-5
Impact of ICT in Rural Development: Perspective of
Developing Countries
Jayita Pramanik
1,*
, Bijan Sarkar
2
, Shyamalendu Kandar
3
1
Department of Education, Moyna College, Purba Medinipur, West Bengal, India
2
Department of Education, University of Kalyani, West Bengal, India
3
Department of Information Technology, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur,
Howrah, West Bengal, India
*Corresponding author: pramanikjayita@gmail.com
Abstract Information and communication technology (ICT) can be thought of as an umbrella under which there
reside communication system, device and applications. Main importance of ICT is given to its ability to provide
greater access to information and communication to the populations and the quality of service provided than the
technological backbone required. Rural development includes economic betterment of people as well as greater
social transformation to eliminate poverty, ignorance and inequality of opportunities. In developing countries a large
number of people are resident of rural area, thus rural development program is a necessary aspect. Use of
information and communication technology can contribute a lot in socioeconomic development of rural area. In the
current communication we have mainly focused on rural education, agriculture, health care facility, disaster and
emergency response and E-governance facility in rural areas of developing countries.
Keywords: ICT, rural development, developing country
Cite This Article: Jayita Pramanik, Bijan Sarkar, and Shyamalendu Kandar, “Impact of ICT in Rural
Development: Perspective of Developing Countries.” American Journal of Rural Development, vol. 5, no. 4
(2017): 117-120. doi: 10.12691/ajrd-5-4-5.
1. Introduction
Information and Communication Technology abbreviated
as ICT consist of Information technology, enterprise
software, audio-visual system, middleware using which
user can access, store, transmit and modify information
as required. Exponential growth of internet user, invention
of modern communication devices, significant development
in cloud and grid computing etc. have helped ICT to flourish
as an rapid developed technological field in the last decade
[1]. Mass use of information and communication technology
with proper guidance helps a nation to create information
rich society and helps in supporting livelihoods [2]. According
to world bank report about 46.147\% of world population
are from rural area and for developing countries like India,
China, South Africa, Bangladesh, Indonesia the percentage is
67, 44, 35, 66 and 46 respectively. Rural development is a
systematic ongoing process of improving the quality of
life by socioeconomic well being of the people living in
rural areas. In this work we have mainly concentrated on
the improvement of education, agricultural process, health
care facility, disaster management, tourism (if exist) etc.
with the help of Information and communication system
and thus contributing towards economical growth and
changing quality of life.
An analysis has been made by Shalni Gulati on
technology enhanced learning in developing nations [3].
Author focuses on education gaps, success and challenges
of open and distance learning and recommends the need
of a uniform policy to incorporate new inventions related
to ICT in primary education infrastructure in rural areas.
A detailed discussion on ICT enabled rural education
on Indian perspective is discussed in [4]. According
to the author a 24 × 7 online learning platform, with
tele/videoconferencing among multiple groups of
geographically dispersed learners may contribute a lot in
rural education. Rahaman et. al. [5] have analyzed the
impact of ICT on socio-economic condition of rural areas
of Bangladesh and highlighted the drastic growth in use of
mobile, computer and internet to rural people. A current
research [6] proposed a framework of using ICT for the
rural development of South Africa. Authors have examined
the known implementation failures of using ICT and
proposed a model containing goal determination and plan
for sustainability. Some literature review of ICT based
rural development model for South Africa are available in
[7,8]. China has world largest population and a large
percentage of that are inhabitants of rural area. The
country has adopted ICT as a catalyst for its rural
development and boosting the quality of life. A large scale
survey on middle and schools in China [9] reveals that use
of ICT is diminishing the gap between urban and rural
area. Though the report has suggested to build proper ICT
infrastructure to bring more number of people to ICT
based education. Growth of rural economy of China with
availability of ICT is highlighted in [10]
Agriculture is the backbone of the rural economy. Rao
[18] proposed a framework for implementing ICT for